Wachstumsinduziertes Biegen und Verwinden von Einkristallen

Abstract

Kristalle von verschiedenen Stoffen, z. B. von Elementen, Mineralien, einfachen Salzen, organischen Molekülkristallen und hochmolekularen Polymeren, können die Translationsfernordnung aufgeben, indem sie sich während des Wachstums verwinden und verbiegen. Diese Erscheinungen wurden bei Kristallen im Größenbereich von Nano‐ bis Zentimetern beobachtet. Wir analysieren, wie und warum viele Materialien solche oft drastischen nichtkristallographischen Verzerrungen wählen und betonen dabei die Kristallchemie, die zu Spannungen an Oberflächen von Kristalliten oder innerhalb des Volumens führt.

A large anisotropic plasticity of L-leucinium hydrogen maleate preserved at cryogenic temperatures

“…Mechanical properties of molecular crystals have long been known to have a pronounced effect on their transformations, including crystallization (Shtukenberg et al, 2014(Shtukenberg et al, , 2017Crist & Schultz, 2016;Li et al, 2018), polymorphic transformations (Mnyukh, 1963(Mnyukh, , 1979Kitaigorodskiy et al, 1965;Williams, 1973;Chupakhin et al, 1987;Herbstein, 2006;Matvienko et al, 2017;Minami et al, 2018;Zakharov et al, 2018) and solid-state chemical reactions (McBride, 1983;McBride et al, 1986;Luty & Fouret, 1989;Boldyrev, 1996;Boldyreva & Boldyrev, 1999;Luty et al, 2002;Larsen & Boydston, 2013;Nath et al, 2014Nath et al, , 2015Naumov et al, 2015;Commins et al, 2016;Boldyrev, 2018;Chizhik, Matvienko & Sidelnikov, 2018;Hao et al, 2018;Rai et al, 2018;Zakharov & Boldyreva, 2019). In the last decade, increasing attention has been paid to the mechanical properties of organic crystals but not necessarily in relation to their response to light or temperature variation.…”

Curved crystal morphology, photoreactivity and photosalient behaviour of mononuclear Zn(II) complexes

“…Single crystals of a number of non-molecular solids and inorganic compounds have been found to be helically twisted during crystallization forgoing their longrange order, with the crystals ranging in size from nanometers to centimeters. This subject has been reviewed in 2014 by Kahr and co-workers (Shtukenberg et al, 2014). However, bent or curved single crystals formed naturally during a slow crystallization process without any external stimuli are rather rare.…”

Crystal chemistry and photomechanical behavior of 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid: correlation between maximum yield in the solid-state topochemical reaction and cooperative molecular motion

“…The mechanical behavior of these organic and metal-organic solids is often related to their crystal packing (Varughese et al, 2013;Reddy et al, 2010;Ghosh & Reddy, 2012;Ghosh, Mishra, Kadambi et al, 2015;Mukherjee & Desiraju, 2014;Tan & Cheetham, 2011). The variegated types of mechanical responses that have been observed so far include bending, shearing, twisting and jumping (Morimoto & Irie, 2010; Reddy et al, 2010; Ghosh, Mishra, Ganguly et al, 2015; Sahoo et al, 2013; Panda et al, Zhu et al, 2011Zhu et al, , 2014Medishetty et al, 2014Medishetty et al, , 2015Nath et al, 2014;Kim et al, 2014;Shtukenberg et al, 2014). Although these types of mechanical responses are most often caused by the inherent anisotropy of crystal packing, they can sometimes be triggered by external perturbations such as photoinduced reactivity (Morimoto & Irie, 2010;Terao et al, 2012;Medishetty et al, 2014Medishetty et al, , 2015Nath et al, 2014;Kim et al, 2014).…”