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Probing the Lewis Acidity and Catalytic Activity of the Metal–Organic Framework [Cu3(btc)2] (BTC=Benzene‐1,3,5‐tricarboxylate)

“…Metal halogenides seem to be the best homogeneous catalysts for this reaction, but the search for heterogeneous catalysts is still of current interest. [22] Brønsted acids tend to produce, besides 2, a mixture of compounds in low yields, like trans-carveol, p-cymene, trans-sobrerol, and dimerization products. The selectivity to 2 is usually not higher than 55 % with Brønsted acids, while with Lewis acids selectivities as high as 85 % can be reached.…”

Catalysing Sustainable Fuel and Chemical Synthesis

“…Surface hydroxyl groups also favour H 2 O adsorption, which if formed during FFA esterification can favour the reverse hydrolysis reaction and consequent low FAME yields. Surface modification via the incorporation of organic functionality into polar oxide surfaces, or dehydroxylation, can lower their polarity and thereby increase initial rates of acid catalysed transformations of liquid phase organic molecules [94]. Surface polarity can also be tuned by incorporating alkyl/aromatic groups directly into the silica framework, for example polysilsesquioxanes can be prepared via the co-condensation of 1,4-bis(triethoxysilyl)benzene (BTEB), or 1,2-bis(trimethoxysilyl)-ethane (BTME), with TEOS and MPTS in the sol-gel process [95,96] which enhances small molecule esterification [97] and etherification [98].…”

Process intensification in green synthesis

“…The application of SDR technology has resulted in time savings for the polymerization of styrene. Wilson et al [117] performed a catalytic reaction in the presence of zinc trifl ate as catalyst using SDR technology for the rearrangement of α -pinene oxide to campholenic aldehyde. For the same amount of feed the conversion using SDR technology was 95 % (time 17 s), whereas for the batch reactor it is 50 % (time 900 s); and the yield was 71 % with SDR technology, whereas with the batch reactor it was 42 % .…”