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Abstract

Volatiles from various life-stages of the bont ticks Amblyomma variegatum and A. hebraeum were collected by using solid-phase microfibers and charcoal traps. An octenol isomer was found to be a major constituent of most of the tick material sampled and was identified as 1-octen-3-ol by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and by using antenna of the tsetse fly Glossina brevipalpis in gas chromatography-linked antennogram detection. Release of this compound increased during molt to adulthood and following mechanical disturbance of adult ticks. (R)-(-)-1-Octen-3-ol and racemate 1-octen-3-ol both induce an increase in upwind walk to the odor source from A. variegatum in an airstream on a servosphere. Volatiles from tick exuviae plus feces and from dead ticks also attracted A. variegatum, suggesting that 1-octen-3-ol may contribute to the aggregation response of Amblyomma spp. on such substrates. 2,6-Dichloroanisol and 2,5-dimethylpyrazine also were detected in volatiles from the ticks but induced no behavioral responses on the servosphere. The suspected tick pheromone component, 2,6-dichlorophenol, was detected from A. variegatum adults cut into pieces but had no effect on the behavior of A. variegatum on the servosphere at a range of doses.

Analysis of Streptomyces Volatilomes Using Global Molecular Networking Reveals the Presence of Metabolites with Diverse Biological Activities

“…The production of two of these metabolites (1-hexanol and phenylethyl alcohol) was recently noted in certain industrially important Streptomyces species ( 18 ), whereas 1-octen-3-ol, heptylcyclohexane, and propanoic acid 2-methyl-1-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2-methyl-1,3-propanediyl ester have not been reported from members of the genus before. 1-Octen-3-ol, also known as mushroom alcohol, has been reported in plants (orange essential oil and the herb Aster scaber ) ( 76 , 77 ), fungi ( Metarhizium brunneum ) ( 78 – 80 ), bacteria (rhizospheric isolate L255) ( 81 ), and arthropods ( Ahasverus advena and Amblyomma variegatum ) ( 82 , 83 ), but not in Streptomyces . It has been shown to have antibacterial, antifungal ( 84 ), nematode repellent, nematicidal ( 78 – 80 ), and insect attractant activities ( 85 , 86 ); it also inhibits the germination and growth of some pathogenic fungi ( 84 , 87 ).…”

Behavior of Nymphs and Adults of the Black-Legged Tick Ixodes scapularis and the Lone Star Tick Ambylomma americanum in Response to Thermal Stimuli

“…Ticks searching for a blood meal use chemical, visual, olfactory and thermal signals to locate potential hosts. They are attracted to olfactory cues emanating from hosts including CO 2 , NO, acetone, octenol as well as certain carboxylic acid, phenol and indole volatile molecules [15][16][17][18]. Ticks possess a keen chemosensory ability as most tick species are without eyes except for a few genera that possess primitive paired eyes (i.e., Dermacentor, Hyalomma, Amblyomma) [19].…”