Our recent study showed that the b-glucose-b-cyclodextrin (CyD) conjugates 1 and 2 as shown in Fig. 1 were successfully prepared from b-CyD and arbutin (4-hydroxyphenyl b-glucopyranoside, 3). [1][2][3] Arbutin 3 is a naturally occurring hydroquinone glycoside containing a b-D-glucosidic linkage. An appropriate linker necessary to connect 3 with a b-CyD derivative was conveniently introduced into the phenolic alcohol of 3. The inclusion association constants (K a ) of 1 and 2 for the immobilized doxorubicin (DXR, anticancer agent) measured using a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) optical biosensor were 10 5 -10 6 M
Ϫ1. These K a values are remarkably high when compared with the inclusion association of the lactose-b-CyD conjugate 4 4) or normal b-CyD which was on the order of 10 3 M
Ϫ1. The b-CyD derivatives 1 and 2 were characterized by the existence of the phenyl group in the spacer between the glucose and b-CyD. The p-p stacking interaction effect between the phenyl group and DXR would increase their inclusion associations for DXR.3) Thus, our former study showed that the hydroquinone glycoside could be a synthetically useful component for providing a saccharide-b-CyD conjugate which is expected to have an excellent DXR-inclusion ability.
5)The CyD derivatives attached to saccharide moieties are expected to carry drug molecules to specific cells, because they have both the drug-inclusion ability of CyDs and the cell-recognition of saccharides. 4,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] Then, our next objective was the synthesis of a novel b-CyD conjugate having another hydroquinone glycoside. This paper describes the synthesis of two novel b-CyD derivatives attached to a hydroquinone glycoside containing an a-D-glucopyranosidic or 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-a-D-glucopyranosidic linkage and the evaluation of their DXR-inclusion abilities.
Results and DiscussionWe designed two novel b-CyD derivatives 5 and 6 attached to a hydroquinone glycoside containing an a-D-glucosidic or 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-a-D-glucosidic linkage as shown in Fig. 1.Chart 1 shows the synthetic procedure of 5 using 4-hydroxyphenyl a-glucopyranoside (a-arbutin, 7). The reaction of allyl bromide (1.2 eq) with the dry sodium salt of 7 in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) for 70 h gave the allylated compound 8 in 84% yield. The benzylation of 8 using benzyl bromide (4.8 eq) and NaH (16 eq) in DMF for 21 h afforded compound 9 in 99% yield. The hydroboration of 9 with 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (9-BBN) (2 eq) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at 0°C for 5 h, followed by oxidation using aq. H 2 O 2 (10 eq) and by hydrolysis with aq. NaOH (3 eq) for 48 h gave compound 10 in 94% yield. The iodination of 10 with iodine (4 eq) in the presence of Ph 3 P (4 eq) in DMF at 35°C for 2 h quantitatively gave compound 11 in 89% yield. The condensation of 11 (3.8 eq) with the benzylated b-CyD 12 23) using KOH (ca. 120 eq) and tetra-n-butylammonium iodide (nBu 4 NI) (0.5 eq) in DMF for 64 h gave 13 in 69% yield. The treatment of 13 with H 2 -Pd(OH) 2 in DMF for ...