Vγ9Vδ2 T Cells Strengthen Cisplatin Inhibition Activity Against Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells by Destructing Mitochondrial Function and Cell Ultrastructure

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer ranks second of new cases and fifth of death in 2018 world widely. Chemotherapy, one of cancer therapeutic strategies, plays important role in controlling mortality of breast cancer. Cis-platinum (CDDP), one of traditional chemotherapy drugs, had been used clinically for years. The crucial limitation of CDDP is due to its adverse effects on immune system. Development of new protocol that can minimize side effect and meanwhile elevate clinical efficacy of traditional drug like CDDP will eventually benefit cancer patients. Vγ9Vδ2 T cells had been reported to be able to up-regulate immune function of cancer patients, therefore, our hypothesis is that introduction of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells could potentiate CDDP efficacy against breast cancer. Methods: In the present work, breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 was used a model cell to test our hypothesis. The therapeutic dose of CDDP in vitro was analyzed by flow cytometry; The cytoskeleton was visualized by using a confocal microscopy, and the ultrastructure of the membrane was observed by atomic force microscopy to observe the effect of combined action on MDA-MB-231 cells; The mitochondrial function of MDA-MB-231 cells was detected, and the relevant mechanism of Vγ9Vδ2 T in enhancing cisplatin cells' inhibition of MDA-MB-231 cells was discussed. Results: Vγ9Vδ2 T cells could enhance CDDP-induced MDA-MB-231 cell membrane ultrastructure disorder and cytoskeleton disorder, and enhance the inhibition of CDDP on MDA-MB-231 cells, of which Vγ9Vδ2 T cells enhancing CDDP-induced mitochondrial dysfunction was one of its mechanisms. Conclusion: In this study，the mechanism of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells in enhancing the inhibition of cisplatin on MDA-MB-231 cells was studied, which could provide an important scientific clue for developing effective treatment schemes for breast cancer, especially the refractory TNBC breast cancer, based on Vγ9Vδ2 T cells in the future.