vuv emissions from mixtures of F2 and the noble gases—A molecular F2 laser at 1575 Å

Rice, James K.; Hays, A. K.; Woodworth, J. R.

doi:10.1063/1.89467

Cited by 78 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The only observations of the Ne ϩ F Ϫ emission in the gas phase have been in electron beam excited gas mixtures. 7 In these samples metastable Ne* or F* atoms can relax to the charge transfer state via three body collisions.…”

Section: Two-dimensional Configuration Coordinate Model For Rydbermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 The few experimental investigations of the Ne ϩ F Ϫ charge transfer emission were carried out by electron beam excitation of Ne/F 2 gas mixtures and showed an emission band at 108 nm with a width of 1.8 nm ͑FWHM͒ together with two weaker features at 119.5 and 122 nm. 7 In addition the now commercially used F 2 laser emission at 157 nm was observed. 7 A new interest in these charge transfer exciplex systems results from the demonstration of laser action in fluorinedoped rare gas crystals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…7 In addition the now commercially used F 2 laser emission at 157 nm was observed. 7 A new interest in these charge transfer exciplex systems results from the demonstration of laser action in fluorinedoped rare gas crystals. 8 In these systems F atoms are produced and stabilized in the rare gas crystal by photodissociation of F 2 and optical pumping of the charge transfer state generates exciplex emission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Rydberg and charge transfer states of F atoms in neon matrices

Bressler

Lawrence

Schwentner

1995

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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The interaction of an electronically excited F atom with the neon matrix is investigated using absorption, excitation, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Upon vacuum ultraviolet excitation of a neon matrix doped with fluorine atoms, emissions are observed at 12.80, 13.08, and 15.48 eV. The emissions at 13.08 and 15.48 eV have a lifetime of 0.7͑0.2͒ ns and are assigned to the radiative relaxation of the 3s and 3sЈ Rydberg F atomic states. The emission at 12.80 eV has a detection limited lifetime less than 0.4 ns and is identified as emission from the Ne ϩ F Ϫ charge transfer complex. Absorption and excitation spectra of each of the observed emissions are used to identify the Rydberg absorptions of the F atoms perturbed by the neon matrix at 13. 99, 16.27, 16.49, 16.94, 17.22, and 19.02 eV. The Rydberg states belong to ns, nsЈ, and nd progressions with the same quantum defect as in the gas phase and a blueshift of the vertical ionization energies of 0.8 eV. The Stokes shift of 910 and 790 meV for the 3s and 3sЈ states and the large linewidth are attributed to a strong electron phonon coupling with Huang-Rhys factors of about 70. A two-dimensional configuration coordinate model explains the observed absorption, excitation and emission spectra, and the branching ratios of emission from Rydberg and charge transfer states.

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Section: Two-dimensional Configuration Coordinate Model For Rydbermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Rydberg and charge transfer states of F atoms in neon matrices

Bressler

Lawrence

Schwentner

1995

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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“…Fluorescence spectra were obtained at the Appleton Laboratory's Laser Facility, using, for excitation, an Oxford Laser: KX2 laser operating on the F, lasing transition near 1575 A (27). This laser delivered pulses of typical energy 30-40 mJ and pulse duration 10 ns, at a repetition rate of 0.25 Hz.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isotopic mass dependence in the bound–free D–X fluorescence spectrum of Br₂

Tellinghuisen¹,

Austin²,

MacDonald³

et al. 1989

Can. J. Phys.

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The D + X transition is studied for both natural Br, and "Br,, using 1576-A radiation from an F, laser to excite the fluorescence. The characteristic interference structure at the long-wavelength end of the spectrum is found to be much more sensitive to changes in isotopic mass than to changes in the vibrational and rotational quantum numbers, when all three represent comparable changes in the energy of the excited state. These dependences are consistent with predictions from semiclassical theory.On a CtudiC la transjtion D -+ X pour les deux molCcules Br, nature et "Br,, en utilisant, pour exciter la fluorescence, le rayonnement B 1576 A d'un laser F,. On trouve que la structure caractkristique d'interfkrence a I'extrCmitC du spectre, du c6tC des grandes longueurs d'onde, est beaucoup plus sensible aux changements de masse isotopique qu'aux changements des nombres quantiques de vibration et de rotation, lorsque tous ces trois changements correspondent a des variations comparable~ dans 1'Cnergie de I'etat excite. Ces effets sont compatibles avec les prkdictions de la thtorie semi-classique.[Traduit par la revue].Can.

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“…An electron beam pumped Ff laser was demonstrated first by Rice et al in 1977. ' A specific output energy of 0.0024 J/Y was reported from a He/F2 gas mixture at a total gas pressure of 2 bar.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High specific laser output energy at 157 nm from an electron beam pumped He/Ne/F2 gas mixture

Lankhorst

Bastiaens

Peters

et al. 1993

Applied Physics Letters

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The output energy and the temporal behavior of a molecular Fg laser pumped by a coaxial electron beam have been measured in gas mixtures of He/F2 and HeiNe/F, . The highest output energy of 172 mJ has been obtained in a mixture of He/Ne/F, ( 19.9%/80%/0.1%) at a pressure of 12 bar, corresponding to a specific output energy of 10.8 J//and an intrinsic etficiency of 2.6%.Coherent light sources in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) are of growing interest for their applications in lithography, spectroscopy, ablation processes, biology, etc. In addition to the well-known rare-gas dimer lasers like XeT , A$, and Krf , the molecular Ff laser at 157 nm is a powerful laser source in the WV.An electron beam pumped Ff laser was demonstrated first by Rice et al. in 1977.' A specific output energy of 0.0024 J/Y was reported from a He/F2 gas mixture at a total gas pressure of 2 bar. They also showed an efficient operation at very high pumping rates at high pressures.' At a total gas pressure of 10 bar a specific output energy of 1.76 J/fwas found. In 1979, for the lirst time a discharge pumped F$ laser was described.3 In 1986 a theoretical paper on electron beam pumped Ff lasers was published by Kim et al." Recently Bastiaens et al.' showed that the small signal gain coefficients in neon-doped He/F, laser gas mixtures, pumped by a coaxial electron beam, were higher than in the normally used He/F, mixtures, probably caused by the higher pumping rate at the same gas pressures. In this letter we describe the results of measurements in which the output energy, temporal behavior, and intrinsic efficiency of such a coaxial electron beam pumped Ff laser are evaluated for neon-doped He/F2 gas mixtures.The Ff laser requires a very high pumping power. In our experiments we used a coaxial electron beam as pumping source. Details of this system have been reported elsewhere.6 The gas mixture is contained in a titanium tube of lo-mm diam and a wall thickness of 25 ,um. The diameter of the optical beam is limited to 9 mm The tube acts as an anode in a coaxial diode which is powered by a ten-stage Marx generator delivering a negative voltage pulse with a peak value of 300 kV and a width of 50 ns (FWHM). The excitation current, as measured with a Faraday cup inside the tube, has a triangular shape with a pulse width of 25 ns (FWHM).The excitation length is 25 cm. The power deposition in the laser gas mixture is measured by the pressure jump technique. At the maximum load voltage of the Marx generator the power deposition in He is 0.47 MW/ cm3/bar while in Ne a value of 1.3 MW/cm3/bar can be achieved.The first laser attempts were done in a resonator with an aluminized rear mirror as a total reflector and a MgF2 window output coupler. Unfortunately the high VUV pulse energy damaged the aluminum coating of the rear mirror. To solve this problem, a double MgFz cavity configuration, as has been investigated by Hooker et al.,' and which takes energy out of both ends, can be used.In Fig. 1 the experimental setup is shown. The resonator consists of two M...

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vuv emissions from mixtures of F2 and the noble gases—A molecular F2 laser at 1575 Å

Cited by 78 publications

References 13 publications

Rydberg and charge transfer states of F atoms in neon matrices

Rydberg and charge transfer states of F atoms in neon matrices

Isotopic mass dependence in the bound–free D–X fluorescence spectrum of Br₂

High specific laser output energy at 157 nm from an electron beam pumped He/Ne/F2 gas mixture

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vuv emissions from mixtures of F2 and the noble gases—A molecular F2 laser at 1575 Å

Cited by 78 publications

References 13 publications

Rydberg and charge transfer states of F atoms in neon matrices

Rydberg and charge transfer states of F atoms in neon matrices

Isotopic mass dependence in the bound–free D–X fluorescence spectrum of Br2

High specific laser output energy at 157 nm from an electron beam pumped He/Ne/F2 gas mixture

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Product

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Isotopic mass dependence in the bound–free D–X fluorescence spectrum of Br₂