Vulvovaginitis Prevalence Among Women in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia: Special Emphasis on Aerobic Vaginitis Causing Bacterial Profile, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern, and Associated Factors

Yasin, Jemal; Ayalew, Getnet; Dagnaw, Mulat; Shiferaw, Getachew; Mekonnen, Feleke

doi:10.2147/idr.s337205

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In our study, a multidrug-resistant (MDR) organism was observed in 47.7% of all tested isolates. This was similar to the MDR rate of 50.9% found by others [ 69 ], and can be explained by biofilm formation, given that 91% of our strains were biofilm producers. In results comparable to our findings, Farinati et al observed biofilm formation by similar bacterial genera in women with vaginal infections [ 70 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Microbial Diversity and Pathogenic Properties of Microbiota Associated with Aerobic Vaginitis in Women with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

et al. 2022

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Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a major reproductive problem that affects approximately 5% of couples. The objective of this study was to assess vaginal flora dysbiosis in women suffering from unexplained RPL and to investigate the pathogenic properties of the microbiota associated with aerobic vaginitis (AV). The study included one hundred fifteen women, 65 with RPL and 50 controls. The diversity of vaginal microbiota isolated was evaluated by molecular sequencing. Then, pathogenic factors, such as acid-resistance, antibiotics susceptibility, and biofilm formation were evaluated. The prevalence of AV was five-fold higher in the RPL group than in the controls (64.6% vs. 12.0%). The most prevalent isolates in the case group were Enterococcus spp. (52%) and Staphylococcus spp. (26%). All bacterial strains tolerate low pH. The prevalence of multidrug resistance (MDR) among all bacteria was 47.7%. Of all strains, 91.0% were biofilm producers. The presence of MDR was found to be related to biofilm formation. The results provide evidence supporting an increased presence of dysbiosis of the vaginal flora, especially AV, in women with RPL in Tunisia. The viability of the AV-associated bacteria and their persistence in the genitals may be due to their ability to resist low pH and to produce a biofilm.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Microbial Diversity and Pathogenic Properties of Microbiota Associated with Aerobic Vaginitis in Women with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

et al. 2022

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“…In other words, each study is unique, and the scenario and results obtained need not be an exact replica of previous studies. For instance, recent studies on RTIs carried out in other parts of the country showed a wider prevalence range, 15.6—50%, corresponding to varied aetiology 16 , 17 . The higher prevalence found in our study warrants an urgent intervention so that associated morbidities and complications can be minimized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic vaginitis, bacterial vaginosis, and vaginal candidiasis among women of reproductive age in Arba Minch, southern Ethiopia

Aklilu,

Woldemariam,

Manilal

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Reproductive tract infections (RTIs) are a persistent public health threat worldwide, particularly among women in low-income countries of Africa, including Ethiopia, where drug resistance is also a growing problem. It is crucial to address this problem to ensure women's health and well-being. A cross-sectional study was carried out among a cohort of 398 women of reproductive age who sought medical attention at the Gynecology Department of the Arba Minch General Hospital, southern Ethiopia, from January to June 2020. They were chosen through systematic random sampling, and a pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. The collection of vaginal and/or cervical swabs were done to diagnose bacterial vaginosis (BV) and aerobic vaginitis (AV) using Nugent and AV score analyses, respectively. The swabs were subjected to standard microbiological culture techniques to detect the isolates causing AV and vaginal candidiasis (VC). The susceptibility profiles of the causative agents of AV were checked by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were also done. Aerobic vaginitis was the predominantly diagnosed RTI (n = 122, 30.7%), followed by BV (n = 117, 29.4%) and VC (n = 111, 27.9%). The prominent bacteria of AV were Escherichia coli (n = 36, 34.2%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 30, 28.5%). The overall rate of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria was 65.71% (n = 69). History of abortion (p = 0.01; AOR = 4.0, 95% CI = 2.1, 7.7) and the habit of using vaginal pH-altering contraceptives (p = 0.01; AOR = 4.7, 95% CI = 2.5, 8.8) have the greatest odds of RTI. The high prevalence of RTIs in our study warrants an urgent intervention to minimize the associated morbidities and complications. The overall rate of MDR bacterial isolates necessitates the implementation of an effective surveillance program in the study setting.

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“…Candida, trichomoniasis, and bacteria are the 3 most common causes of vulvovaginitis in adolescents and young adults ( 20 ). Non-infectious vulvovaginitis, which mostly occurs in preadolescent girls, is usually non-specific and caused by irritants, allergic reactions, or skin diseases ( 21 ), and the prevalence rate among preadolescent girls is between 25% and 75% ( 12 , 22 , 23 ). In the process of clinical diagnosis, a comprehensive assessment should be made in full combination with the patient’s medical history, physical and laboratory examination results to identify the cause, so as to carry out subsequent targeted and effective treatment ( 2 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The risk factors for negative emotions in parents of children with bacterian vulvovaginitis and its impact on prognosis: a retrospective cohort study

Xie¹,

He²

2023

Transl Pediatr

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Background: Vulvovaginitis is one of the most common pediatric gynecological diseases and easily causes the negative emotions for the parents. However, there are few studies on the influence of parental anxiety and depression on children's disease and prognosis. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors of negative parental emotions and their effects on the prognosis of children, in order to improve life quality of children. Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 303 pediatric patients who developed bacterian vulvovaginitis from April 2017 to April 2022 based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) were used to assess the negative emotions and binary logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors for negative emotions among the parents of children with vulvovaginitis. The relationship between the prognosis of children and parents' negative emotions was analyzed by independent sample t-test, and the relationship between the recovery rate of children within 2 weeks, clearance rate of urine, and parents' negative emotions was analyzed by chi-square test.Results: In our study, 44.6% of the parents showed anxiety and 35.0% showed depression. The binary logistics regression of the clinical characteristics of the children showed that vulvar pruritus [odds ratio (OR) =1.664, P=0.048], increased vaginal secretions (OR =2.289, P=0.001), vulvar ulcerations (OR =1.831, P=0.024), and so on were independent influences on the anxiety of the parents, whereas vulvar pruritus (OR =2.722, P=0.000), increased vaginal secretions (OR =1.758, P=0.041), dysuria, frequent urination (OR =1.761, P=0.040), and so on were independent influences on depression among the parents. Besides, it was found that parental negative emotions significantly prolonged the improvement of the child's prognosis.Conclusions: Parents of children with vulvovaginitis are highly susceptible to have negative emotions due to the various clinical features of the child. The negative emotions of the parents significantly prolong the recovery time of the child. In clinical practice, adequate communication should be established with the parents of patients, and detailed education should be carried out to reduce the psychological burden of patients' parents, so as to improve the prognosis of children.

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Vulvovaginitis Prevalence Among Women in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia: Special Emphasis on Aerobic Vaginitis Causing Bacterial Profile, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern, and Associated Factors

Cited by 8 publications

References 49 publications

Microbial Diversity and Pathogenic Properties of Microbiota Associated with Aerobic Vaginitis in Women with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Microbial Diversity and Pathogenic Properties of Microbiota Associated with Aerobic Vaginitis in Women with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Aerobic vaginitis, bacterial vaginosis, and vaginal candidiasis among women of reproductive age in Arba Minch, southern Ethiopia

The risk factors for negative emotions in parents of children with bacterian vulvovaginitis and its impact on prognosis: a retrospective cohort study

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