Vulvar sarcomas: Short guideline for histopathological recognition and clinical management. Part 1

Abstract

Malignant tumors of the female reproductive system are a serious health and social problem, as they are the second most common cause of death among women, after breast cancer. Their incidence has increased dramatically during recent years, probably due to the different sexual habits and changes in the prevalence of HIV/ AIDS and HPV virus carriers, among other factors. Vulvar tumors represent only 4% of all gynecological neoplasms, and they are fourth in frequency after tumors of the cervix, uterus, and ovary. Ninety eight percent of all vulvar tumors are benign and only 2% are malignant. The overall incidence of tumors with vulvar location is between two and seven cases per 100,000 women, and it increases with age, while the death rate is estimated at 0.7 per 100,000 women. Sarcomas of the vulva comprise approximately 1-3% of all vulvar cancers, with leiomyosarcomas, epithelioid sarcomas, and rhabdomyosarcomas being the most common among them. They are characterized by rapid growth, high metastatic potential, frequent recurrences, aggressive behavior, and high mortality rate. In this paper, we present the most common forms of sarcomas of the vulva (leiomyosarcoma, epithelioid sarcoma, malignant rhabdoid tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma) in order to emphasize the broad differential diagnosis, rare appearance, non-specific clinical picture, aggressive course, and high mortality.

Clinical Features and Treatment Outcomes of Vulvar Sarcoma: A Single-Institution Review of 21 Cases

“…VS is a heterogeneous disease with several histological subtypes [3,4]. In our institution, VS accounted for 3.9% of contemporaneous vulvar malignancies.…”

“…It is an aggressive malignancy that usually affects women of reproductive age [2]. The histological type of VS is heterogeneous and mainly includes leiomyosarcoma, dermato brosarcoma protuberans, angiosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and epithelioid sarcoma [3,4]. Unlike other vulvar malignancies, VS usually grows with benign appearance and non-speci c manifestation, which increases the di culty of early diagnosis [5].…”

Challenges in Management of Bartholin gland Leiomyoma: A Case Report

“…A recent review shows their importance as markers in cancer (12). Some of these tumors may express oestrogen, progesterone, and androgen receptors (15)(16)(17)(18), the signi cance of which for the development of these tumors is not fully understood (19). Therefore, for our case, we did the smooth muscle cell markers to aid in the differential with malignancy.…”

Клінічні Та Морфологічні Особливості Пухлин Зовнішніх Статевих Органів У Жінок, Що Проходили Лікування В Національному Інституті Раку

“…Рак бартолінової залози становить близько 3,0% випадків усіх локалізацій раку ЗСО та представлений аденокарциномою в 60,0% хворих [19]. На саркому вульви, за даними A.A. Chokoeva та спів авторів, припадає 0,2% усіх новоутворень цієї локалізації [20].…”