Vulnerable past, grandiose present: The relationship between vulnerable and grandiose narcissism, time perspective and personality

Dark Time Matter: Dark Character Profiles and Time Perspective

“…We expected that, in certain conditions, malevolent character could be associated to a balanced time perspective, that is, having a sentimental and positive view of the past, rather than a pessimistic attitude toward the past, and having the ability to find reward in achieving specific long-term goals. While the linear analyses (i.e., correlations) mainly replicated earlier studies (e.g., González, Nima & Garcia, 2017; see also Birkás & Csathó, 2015;Zajenkowski, Witowska, Maciantowicz, & Malesza, 2016), the nonlinear analyses using the Dark Cube profiles showed the properties of complex adaptive systems: multi-finality (i.e., same antecedents, different outcomes) and equifinality (i.e., different antecedents, same outcomes) (cf. Cloninger, 2004).…”

“…The use of fast life strategies and impulsive behavior, suggest that individuals high in the dark traits might also display a high present hedonistic time perspective. Indeed, studies using Zimbardo's Time Perspective Questionnaire, show that individuals who express dark personalities experience a negative view of the past, a more hedonistic and more fatalistic view of the present, and a less future-oriented outlook (González, Nima, & Garcia, 2017; see also Birkás & Csathó, 2015;Zajenkowski, Witowska, Maciantowicz, & Malesza, 2016 (Birkás & Csathó, 2015). In another study, however, the past positive and future dimensions were significantly positively associated to narcissism, thus, suggesting that at least among individuals high in narcissism a malevolent character is actually associated to a sentimental and positive view of the past and the ability to find reward in achieving specific long-term goals (González, Nima, & Garcia, 2017).…”

Sex and dark times’ strategy: The Dark Triad and time perspective

“…Nevertheless, although sex differences in the malevolent traits’ correlates do exist, it is not yet clear whether the dark traits’ correlates constitute different profiles in men and women (Carter, Campbell, & Muncer, ). In this context, despite a clear connection between people's malevolent tendencies and their outlook on time (i.e., past, present, and future), there are, to the best of our knowledge, only two studies that have investigated individuals’ dark tendencies in relation to time perspective, although not using sex as a moderator of this relationship (i.e., Birkás & Csathó, ; Zajenkowski, Witowska, Maciantowicz, & Malesza, ).…”

“…The clearest dark trait–time perspective connection is the fact that individuals high in dark traits seek immediate gratification (i.e., a present hedonistic outlook) by the use of “fast life strategies,” such as high‐frequency mating with early start, and little investment in social relationships and their offspring. Moreover, individuals with high levels of Machiavellianism and psychopathy have a past negative outlook (e.g., negative parent–child relationship and family functioning; Zajenkowski et al, ). In other words, fast life strategies are associated with dark tendencies and both are associated with high present hedonistic and high past negative perspectives of time.…”

The relationship of narcissism with tendency to react with anger and hostility: The roles of neuroticism and emotion regulation ability

“…It needs to be acknowledged that the reliability coefficient for the HSNS (vulnerable narcissism) was relatively low (α = .66). However, both in the original research (Hendin and Cheek 1997) and in other studies using the Polish translation of the measure (e.g., Czarna et al 2014;Czarna et al 2016a, b;Maciantowicz and Zajenkowski 2018;Rogoza et al 2018;Zajenkowski et al 2016), the alpha coefficient oscillates around .70 (ranging from .62 to .75). Nevertheless, the results associated with this scale should be taken with caution.…”