Vulnerability of Small Island Developing States to Natural Disasters

Sjöstedt, Martin; Povitkina, Marina

doi:10.1177/1070496516682339

Cited by 34 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…Firstly, socio-economic-environmental dimensions have been the top priority for authors, accounting for nearly 70% of the articles listed in Appendix A. In relation to the social dimension of island vulnerability, the literature emphasizes the integral role that institutions and governance play in determining island system's ability to adapt to climate change and natural disasters (Briguglio et al, 2009;Farhan and Lim, 2013;Birk, 2014;Sjöstedt and Povitkina, 2017). Other literature focuses on a wide variety of social issues, mainly demography (Barrientos, 2010;Martins et al 2012;Duvat et al, 2017;Jackson et al, 2017), private sector resources (Becken et al, 2014;Fakhruddin et al, 2015), and housing (Boruff and Cutter, 2007).…”

Section: The Evolution Of the Study On Island Vulnerability Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nouveauté or Cliché? Assessment on island ecological vulnerability to Tourism: Application to Zhoushan, China

Jong

Sun

et al. 2020

Ecological Indicators

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In comparison with coastal zones, islands are even more vulnerable to anthropogenic disturbance, especially to tourism and tourism-induced activities. Despite a great number of studies on either island tourism or island vulnerability reviewed in this paper, knowledge and practice of the impact from tourism upon island ecological vulnerability (IEV) still needs to be expanded. In this contribution, the IEV of four administrative regions in Zhoushan, China is assessed between 2012 and 2017 based on an "exposure (E)-sensitivity (S)-adaptive capacity (A)" framework and by means of coupling coordination degree modeling (CCDM) for determination of the overall development level of E-S-A subsystems in each region. The assessment results show that: (1) An index system consisting of 1 objective, 3 sub-objectives, 7 elements, and 20 indicators can be established and tested to reflect the IEV to tourism; (2) As the most attractive tourist destinations, Shengsi and Putuo inevitably have the highest IEV values; (3) Dinghai's moderate low level of IEV comes as a surprise, due to its direct connectivity to its neighboring coastal city of Ningbo; (4) The more balanced the coupling coordination degree (CCD) values among E-S-A subsystems are, the higher the IEV values in the four tourist destinations of Zhoushan. In conclusion, tourism can be a double-edged sword for islands, the overall benefits of which outweigh the negative impacts upon island ecological conditions.

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Section: The Evolution Of the Study On Island Vulnerability Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nouveauté or Cliché? Assessment on island ecological vulnerability to Tourism: Application to Zhoushan, China

Jong

Sun

et al. 2020

Ecological Indicators

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“…Namun pola kerentanan selalu digambarkan negatif dalam keterpaparan terdampak bahaya. Di daerah pesisir dan pulau pulau kecil, terkadang memiliki jenis bahaya dan tingkat yang sama, namun karena letak dan ukuran goegrafis yang berbeda dapat menimbulkan kerusakan yang lebih parah dari pada daerah daratan yang luas sehingga membuat tingkat kerentanannya menjadi lebih tinggi (Sjo, 2017). Konsep kerentanan menurut IPCC (2001) dapat diperjelas dengan tingkat keterpaparan (Exposure), sensitivitas (Sensitivity), dan kapasitas adaptasi (Adaptive Capacity).…”

Section: Kerentanan Kawasan Permukimanunclassified

Kerentanan Kawasan Permukiman Rawan Banjir Kampung Kolam Kelurahan Tanjungpinang Barat Tanjungpinang

Robianto

Mussadun

2020

JRS-Unand

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ABSTRAKTanjungpinang Barat adalah salah satu kelurahan pesisir yang sering dilanda banjir. Sebanyak 80% dari kawasan permukimannya selalu tergenangi air karena kawasan tersebut memiliki kontur yang lebih rendah dari daerah sekitarnya. Kawasan Kampung Kolam, Jalan Sulaiman Abdullah memiliki keterpaparan genangan air hingga lebih dari satu meter. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat kerentanan masyarakat dikawasan banjir sehingga dapat menjadi pertimbangan dalam penanganannya. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah konsep kerentanan IPCC yaitu Exposure, Sensitivity, Capacity Adaptive karena dinilai lebih sesuai dengan karakteristik bencana yang terjadi. Penilaian tingkat kerentanan dilakukan secara kuantitatif dengan Weighted And Scoring Analisys. Dari hasil analisis temukan bahwa dari 80 responden rumah tangga terdapat sembilan responden yang berada pada kuadran tiga, dua responden berada pada kuadran empat dan enam puluh sembilan responden berada pada kuadran lima. Hal tersebut menunjukan 11,25% responden memiliki tingkat kerentanan sedang kemudian 2,5% responden memiliki kerentanan tinggi dan 86,25% responden memiliki kerentanan yang sangat tinggi. Dari hasil penilaian diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa kerentanan yang terjadi di masyarakat Kampung Kolam telah berada pada tingkat yang sangat tinggi, namun hal tersebut tidak membuat masyarakat untuk pindah ke tempat yang lebih aman dan memilih untuk tetap bertahan serta berupaya untuk beradaptasi dengan ancaman yang datang. Adaptasi yang dilakukan cenderung dengan melakukan peninggian bangunan, membuat tanggul pembatas di pintu rumah dan melakukan peninggian terhadap barang furnitur di rumah masing masing. Adapun penanganan kawasan yang direkomendasikan adalah peremajaan kawasan pada RT.03/RW.06 dan RT.05/RW.07 dan pemugaran kawasan pada RT.02/RW.06, RT.05/RW.06, RT.03/RW.07, RT.04/RW.07. Sedangkan penanganan kawasan dengan pendekatan adaptasi dilakukan peningkatan kapasitas komunitas maupun individu dalam penguatan perekonomian dan pendapatan, pendidikan, kelembagaan yang aktif hingga pengembangan sistem peringatan banjir skala kawasan.

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“…The research fields of vulnerability and resilience need to therefore carefully explore and augment the role of governance (Sjöstedt & Povitkina, 2017;Williams et al, 2019). The effectiveness of multi-level governance, understood as the sharing of power across global institutions, regional organizations, and national and subnational governance (Schakel et al, 2015), is often impeded in climate policy processes through a lack of coordination between national and local governance levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying local governance capacity needs for implementing climate change adaptation in Mauritius

Williams

Rosendo

Sadasing³

et al. 2020

Climate Policy

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The IPCC 1.5°C Report lists identifying local capacity needs as key for enabling multilevel governance to effectively respond to climate change. Mauritius, as a Small Island State, is disproportionately affected by climate change, primarily due to its exposure to impacts, as well as various constraints in size and resources. Identifying and integrating local capacity needs into recommendations for policy measures is therefore urgently required to support the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and its National Adaptation Plan process. This study carries out a local governance assessment based on evaluative criteria to identify local capacity needs for implementing climate change adaptation in Mauritius. Results from the assessment indicate that local governance suffers from issues inherent to Small Island States, such as lack of technical know-how, financial and human resources, stringent legislation and effective monitoring mechanisms, preventing effective climate change adaptation. Through participatory, bottom-up stakeholder engagement with local and national government representatives, eight recommendations for policy formulation were then co-developed to address the identified capacity needs, and to improve cooperation between local and national institutions for more effective implementation of climate change adaptation. Key policy insights. Local climate change adaptation needs have to be integrated into policy formulation for an effective response to climate change impacts.. Roles and responsibilities of government levels for climate change adaptation in Mauritius are currently in need of clarification.. Capacity building measures at the local level for implementing climate change actions from national government are urgently required.. Stringent legislation and effective monitoring mechanisms need to be implemented to ensure planning regulations are adhered to.. Increased collaboration between local and national levels of government in Mauritius is necessary for synthesizing a common approach to climate change adaptation.

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Vulnerability of Small Island Developing States to Natural Disasters

Cited by 34 publications

References 35 publications

Nouveauté or Cliché? Assessment on island ecological vulnerability to Tourism: Application to Zhoushan, China

Nouveauté or Cliché? Assessment on island ecological vulnerability to Tourism: Application to Zhoushan, China

Kerentanan Kawasan Permukiman Rawan Banjir Kampung Kolam Kelurahan Tanjungpinang Barat Tanjungpinang

Identifying local governance capacity needs for implementing climate change adaptation in Mauritius

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