Vulnerability Assessment of saltwater intrusion using simplified GAPDIT method: a case study of Azarshahr Plain Aquifer, East Azerbaijan, Iran

Gorgij, Alireza Docheshmeh; Moghaddam, Asghar Asghari

doi:10.1007/s12517-015-2200-1

Cited by 41 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…(2021) concluded that the saltwater intrusion from the Bakhtegan Lake could threaten the groundwater resources in its coastal aquifers. Other studies also suggest the saltwater intrusion is a main contributor of groundwater degradation in different parts of Iran (e.g., Bahrami Jovein & Hosseini, 2017; Ebrahimi et al., 2016; Gorgij & Moghaddam, 2016; Noori et al., 2021; Ranjbar & Mahjouri, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Iran's Groundwater Hydrochemistry

Maghrebi¹,

Noori

Partani

et al. 2021

Earth and Space Science

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 Since Iran's groundwater hydrochemistry has not been well understood, we explored it using a rich, nationwide data sampled from 9,468 wells. Findings indicate the dominance of mix water type in 13 out of 30 of Iran's sub-basins, followed by NaCl water type in nine sub-basins. A distinctive relationship exists between Iran's geological-geomorphological features and hydrochemical facies/groundwater quality. This study's results can be used in the formulation of new strategies and policies for Iran's groundwater quality management in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Iran's Groundwater Hydrochemistry

Maghrebi¹,

Noori

Partani

et al. 2021

Earth and Space Science

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“…To minimize the error and uncertainty of the vulnerability index, Babiker et al (2005) and Saidi et al (2011) adopted and evaluated appropriate parameters by performing two methods of sensitivity analysis, that is, the single parameter sensitivity analysis developed by Napolitano and Fabbri (1996) and the map removal sensitivity analysis developed by Lodwik et al (1990). Since the development of the theoretical weights of GALDIT parameters in 2001, the modification of ranges and weights of vulnerability parameters of the GALDIT analysis method was continuously attempted (Kazakis et al, 2018;Gorgij and Moghaddam, 2016). Among these attempts, the sensitivity analysis of the parameters helps determine the weights effectively by comparing with theoretical weights in assessing the vulnerability with the score and weight of each index (Gontara et al, 2016;Mahrez et al, 2018).…”

Section: Sensitivity Analysis For Galdit Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of monthly seawater intrusion vulnerability assessment method using GALDIT

Kim¹,

Chung²,

Chang³

2021

Preprint

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Accurate diagnoses of vulnerability of seawater intrusion (SWI) into aquifers are required to ensure sustainable utilization of groundwater resources in coastal areas. GALDIT was selected to assess the SWI vulnerability on western coastal areas of South Korea. Climate change trends are updated every year. The existing GALDIT method has various scores to express the changing observed values. However, they are limited because of their sensitivity in the assessment of regional characteristics or climatic change due to low weight flexibility. Therefore, this study assessed vulnerability to SWI by classifying the existing GALDIT into static and dynamic parameters. The static parameters include groundwater occurrence (G), aquifer hydraulic conductivity (A), and distance from the shore (D), whereas the dynamic parameters include height to groundwater level above sea level (L), impact of existing status of seawater intrusion (I), and aquifer thickness (T). The monthly mean was used as the dynamic index to reflect monthly variations. To indicate the temporal trend of parameter L was calculated based on the data observed at the sea level station adjacent to the groundwater level station. To sensitively reflect the monthly changes in values, the range of scores was divided into 10 parts. The calculated GALDIT index showed that the most vulnerable month was September. In the progress of SWI, vulnerability was assessed monthly to highlight the differences in parameters that fluctuate seasonally. The proposed method can be used to apply intensive countermeasures to vulnerable sites and build an operation plan considering the vulnerability period.

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“…Also, because of tectonics in relation to hydrogen units and groundwater flow, it is necessary to study the lithology of the formations and tectonics of the area and their role in changing water quality and groundwater movement. In terms of topography, the highest elevation is the western slopes of Sahand Mountain and the lowest points around the Lake Urmia, which have an altitude of 3100 meters and 1282 meters above sea level, respectively (Gorgij and Moghaddam, 2016).…”

Section: Geological Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality assessment and hydrochemistry of a coastal aquifer adjacent to a hypersaline lake: A case study of Western Asia

Bahramian

Bahramian²,

Yetilmezsoy

2021

Preprint

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The study is motivated by the quality degradation of groundwater with emphasis on salinity between 2012 and 2018 in an aquifer, namely Azarshahr aquifer, located in Western Asia (a case of north-west of Iran), adjacent to Lake Urmia. The groundwater of Azarshahr plain in the south-east, namely, the nutritional zone of the plain, has a low amount of salts (0.7–18.06 mg/L), but by moving to the north-west and west of the plain, which is the location of the outflow of water, the concentration of salts is significantly increased (35.42–87.5 mg/L). Ca–Cl has the cardinal influence on quality of water, making it different from the common type of fresh waters in Iran (Ca–HCO3). High concentrations of SO42−, Cl−, and Na+ detected in almost all the water samples, which indicates aquifer’s good quality for portable applications. Regarding agricultural applications, from 2012 to 2018, the percentage of samples in the good class of C2S1 has been reduced by 35%, which could also be a further indicator of increasing salinity in the aquifer. The spatial distribution of electrical conductivity (EC), cations, and anions tends to follow an increasing pattern toward western regions. Comparing the results of hydrochemical analysis of Lake Urmia with the corresponding results from the groundwater in Azarshahr plain, there is an acceptable correlation between the hydrochemical features of Lake Urmia with the saltwater of western parts of the Azarshahr plain. Hence, it is likely that another source of water salination in this plain, especially in western parts, is the influx from Urmia Lake. Due to the presence of clay mass of mountains between the Lake Urmia and Azarshahr plain as well as the lack of a hydraulic relationship, the probability of penetration of saline water from reinforced water reservoirs of Lake Urmia to the aquifer of Azarshahr plain is further strengthened.

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Vulnerability Assessment of saltwater intrusion using simplified GAPDIT method: a case study of Azarshahr Plain Aquifer, East Azerbaijan, Iran

Cited by 41 publications

References 21 publications

Iran's Groundwater Hydrochemistry

Iran's Groundwater Hydrochemistry

Development of monthly seawater intrusion vulnerability assessment method using GALDIT

Quality assessment and hydrochemistry of a coastal aquifer adjacent to a hypersaline lake: A case study of Western Asia

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