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Over the last decade, Australia has experienced several severe natural disasters which have caused significant disruptions to its agri-food supply chains. Global climate change is driving an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events that can lead to natural disasters. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) warns that climate change -and extreme weather events, in particular -pose significant threats to food security. While much food security research focusses on developing nations, contemporary, supermarket-based food systems have a number of characteristics that make them highly vulnerable to disruptions from extreme weather events. The experience of recent disasters and projections of on-going climate change suggest that Australia's food systems are facing escalating climate risks to which they must adapt.This thesis considers how the agri-food supply chains that underpin Australia's food system are enabled or constrained to cope with emerging climate risks and, in particular, to a more rapid recurrence of damaging weather events. In this thesis, supply chains are The results of the study demonstrate that the impacts of recent natural disasters were unevenly distributed within the supply chain. Upstream segments of the chain (that is, business involved in vegetable production, packing and transport) experienced more significant impacts and longer recovery periods than downstream segments (such as wholesalers and retailers). The study finds that this is strongly linked to an uneven distribution of vulnerability to risks in the chain which, combined with the rapid recurrence of disaster events, has weakened the fresh produce supply system.ii The study provides important insights into perceptions, and social constructions, of recent weather events and climate risks amongst actors within fresh produce supply chainsaddressing a significant gap in the literature. The results suggest that a shared narrative about Australia's highly variable climate strongly influences a collective construction amongst supply chain actors which normalises and attenuates climate risk. The study finds, however, that recent extreme weather events have unsettled this dominant construct. Perceptions of future climate risks amongst supply chain actors were varied.Those strongly influenced by the climate variability narrative did not expect future risks to be much different from those experienced in the past. A smaller number of research participants, however, were concerned that climate risks may be escalating and that this may require changes to how those risks were managed.The study found two strongly contrasting approaches to the governance of climate risk in fresh produce supply chains. The findings demonstrate that, typically, climate risks are governed in highly individualised ways but that the emergence of new supply chain intermediaries is facilitating a more collective approach to climate risk governance in some chains. The research also shows that recent recurrent floods have catalysed...
Over the last decade, Australia has experienced several severe natural disasters which have caused significant disruptions to its agri-food supply chains. Global climate change is driving an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events that can lead to natural disasters. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) warns that climate change -and extreme weather events, in particular -pose significant threats to food security. While much food security research focusses on developing nations, contemporary, supermarket-based food systems have a number of characteristics that make them highly vulnerable to disruptions from extreme weather events. The experience of recent disasters and projections of on-going climate change suggest that Australia's food systems are facing escalating climate risks to which they must adapt.This thesis considers how the agri-food supply chains that underpin Australia's food system are enabled or constrained to cope with emerging climate risks and, in particular, to a more rapid recurrence of damaging weather events. In this thesis, supply chains are The results of the study demonstrate that the impacts of recent natural disasters were unevenly distributed within the supply chain. Upstream segments of the chain (that is, business involved in vegetable production, packing and transport) experienced more significant impacts and longer recovery periods than downstream segments (such as wholesalers and retailers). The study finds that this is strongly linked to an uneven distribution of vulnerability to risks in the chain which, combined with the rapid recurrence of disaster events, has weakened the fresh produce supply system.ii The study provides important insights into perceptions, and social constructions, of recent weather events and climate risks amongst actors within fresh produce supply chainsaddressing a significant gap in the literature. The results suggest that a shared narrative about Australia's highly variable climate strongly influences a collective construction amongst supply chain actors which normalises and attenuates climate risk. The study finds, however, that recent extreme weather events have unsettled this dominant construct. Perceptions of future climate risks amongst supply chain actors were varied.Those strongly influenced by the climate variability narrative did not expect future risks to be much different from those experienced in the past. A smaller number of research participants, however, were concerned that climate risks may be escalating and that this may require changes to how those risks were managed.The study found two strongly contrasting approaches to the governance of climate risk in fresh produce supply chains. The findings demonstrate that, typically, climate risks are governed in highly individualised ways but that the emergence of new supply chain intermediaries is facilitating a more collective approach to climate risk governance in some chains. The research also shows that recent recurrent floods have catalysed...
In 2007 and 2008, Bangladesh was subject to a food crisis-the outcome of multiple causes-which had a severe impact on the urban poor of the country's capital. Dhaka's food supplies were repeatedly disconnected due to floods and cyclones, yet there was always enough food in the megacity thanks to wholesale traders' diverse and flexible supply networks. Despite the interim government's eviction drives aimed at slum dwellers and street vendors, the food hawkers still managed to distribute prepared food throughout the city. And despite rapidly rising food prices, most of the urban poor found ways to endure the crisis. In this article, we look at the people who made Dhaka's food system resilient enough to avoid catastrophe. We discuss three relevant actor groups-food traders in wholesale markets, street food vendors, and poor consumers-and investigate the roles they play in keeping the city fed, and how they act in the light of crises. Neither these actors nor their contributions to urban food security are acknowledged by the state, nor are they substantially supported. Significant potentials for a resilient urban food system thus remain unpromoted and even blocked. Resilience is being refused. Zusammenfassung: Die globale Nahrungskrise in den Jahren 2007 und 2008 hatte beträchtliche Auswirkungen auf die städtische Armutsbevölkerung in Bangladesch und dennoch konnte eine großräumige Katastrophe verhindert werden. Trotz zahlreicher Unterbrechungen der städtischen Belieferung durch Zyklone und Überschwemmungen, war es Lebensmittelhändlern durch ihre flexiblen Netzwerke möglich, die Stadt mit ausreichend Nahrung zu versorgen. Trotz einer großangelegten Räumungskampagne von Slums und informellen Märkten seitens der Interimsregierung, schafften es die Straßenhändler ihr Verteilungssystem von zubereiteten Speisen aufrecht zu erhalten. Und obgleich rapide ansteigende Preise die Existenz vieler Familien niederer Einkommensschichten stark beeinträchtigte, fanden sie Wege, die Krise zu überstehen. In diesem Artikel fragen wir nach den Menschen, welche Dhakas Nahrungsversorgungssystem resilient genug gemacht haben, dass es zu keiner größeren Katastrophe gekommen ist. Wir schauen auf drei Akteursgruppen-Lebensmittelhändler auf Großmärkten, informelle Straßenhändler und städtische Arme als Verbraucher-und analysieren, welche Rolle sie für die Versorgung der Stadt spielen und welche Möglichkeiten und Risiken sie im Umgang mit Krisen haben. Es zeigt sich, dass von Seiten des Staates weder die Akteure noch ihr Beitrag für die städtische Ernährungssicherung wertgeschätzt und gefördert werden. Wichtige Potentiale für eine verbesserte Ernährungssicherung bleiben so ungenutzt bzw. blockiert. Der Bildung von Resilienz wird eine deutliche Absage erteilt.
The UK food system, it is argued here, is not sustainable in that it is beset by vulnerabilities and lacks the resilience to overcome these. Focusing on the UK, and relying on earlier empirical data, the nature of these vulnerabilities is explained, as is their impact on the global, carbon-dependent, agro-food system. The earlier data were generated by scenarios of different food futures. These were employed as a research tool, as both their generation and their consideration involved stakeholders concerned with the supply chains for both dairy produce and wheat in the UK. The scenarios and their underpinning methodology are explained by reference to theories of systems' transitions. This article explains how scenarios of this kind can try and capture landscape pressures which might threaten the dominant paradigm and leave room for niche activity to challenge the mainstream. It will also warn, however, that the mainstream will seek to incorporate and marginalise the niche activity. The article concludes that the methodology adopted can draw out critical factors and, in the present case, tease out some early thinking about the nature of transitions towards a more sustainable and resilient system of production and consumption of food.
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