Vulnerability and Adaptation to Food Insecurity and Poverty in Kenya

Oluoko-Odingo, Alice A.

doi:10.1080/00045608.2010.532739

Cited by 60 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…For instance, in sub-Saharan Africa, this situation is likely to disrupt huge proportions of their economies whose main contribution emanates from agriculture dominated by smallholder output (Moyo et al 2012;Mutunga et al 2017). Specifically, in Kenya, rainfall-dependent smallholders are responsible for up to 70% of the agricultural output (Raworth 2007;Silvestri et al 2015), which is essential to household food security and income flows in nearly all the rural areas (Mikalitsa 2015;Oluoko-Odingo 2011). Thus, the climatic shifts will not only affect the smallholders, but also the country's economy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Knowledge and information access on the status and trends in smallholder adaptation to climate change are critical to improving household food security and nutrition as well as income flows and reducing poverty and inequality across many parts of the developing world in a bottom-up approach (Oluoko-Odingo 2011;Wambua and Omoke 2014). And in the process of unpacking data to support such dialogues, it is imperative to understand the smallholders' perceptions about the climatic situations and associated risks at specific geographical locations, as this is fundamental to their preparedness and subsequent adaptation strategies which have been shown to subtly vary from one region to the other (Raworth 2007;Silvestri et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate change adaptive capacity and smallholder farming in Trans-Mara East sub-County, Kenya

Simotwo

Mikalitsa

Wambua

2018

Geoenviron Disasters

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Background: At the centre of smallholders' adaptation is a need to understand their perceptions on key climatic scenarios so as to glean helpful information for key decision-making processes. In Kenya at the moment, downstream information regarding these circumstances remain scanty, with many smallholders being 'on their own', in spite of the imminent threats from shifting precipitation patterns, rising temperatures, and intensifying droughts. At the sub-national levels, potential impacts of these situations are likely to deepen due to extensive cases of land use transformations, habitat degradation, plummeting water resources capacity and common inter-ethnic conflicts, among other negative externalities. The study examined current climatic situations in Trans-Mara East sub-County, to the south-western part of Kenya, as well as the smallholders' perceptions about the situations, their adaptation levels and constraints thereof. Results: Pearson correlation coefficient, indicated a weak positive association between smallholder's perceptions and either their age, marital status, level of education, or livelihood streams (r ≤ 0.1; p ≥ 0.05, for all), unlike their climatic perceptions and farm sizes which showed a strong positive association (r = 0.430; p ≤ 0.01). Key desired adaptation options, improving crop varieties, livestock feeding techniques and crop diversification, topped their options, with destocking being least desired. Education levels (r = 0.229; p ≤ 0.05) and farm sizes (r = 0.534; p ≤ 0.01) had a positively significant association with adaptive capacity, in addition to a significantly weak, association between their adaptive capacity and both their individual's marital status (r = 0.154; p ≥ 0.05) and diversity of livelihood streams (r = 0.034; p ≥ 0.05). The analysis also showed a weak negative association between their adaptive capacity and age (r = − 0.026; p ≥ 0.05). Amid the key constraints which emerged include high cost of farm inputs, limited access to credit and market uncertainties, among others. Pearson correlation coefficient showed a significantly strong negative association between smallholders' constraints and both (r ≥ − 0.3; p ≤ 0.01) their level of education, and diversity of livelihood streams. A significantly strong positive association (r = 0.280; p ≤ 0.01) was identified between smallholder's age and constraints, while marital status and farm sizes both (r ≤ − 0.01; p ≥ 0.05) revealed weak non-significant negative association with the constraints.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change adaptive capacity and smallholder farming in Trans-Mara East sub-County, Kenya

Simotwo

Mikalitsa

Wambua

2018

Geoenviron Disasters

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“…In the short term, increased access to water has been found to reduce http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol19/iss1/art4/ food insecurity and vulnerability to drought where multiple water points and types of points are available to support cattle production (Oluoko-Odingo 2011). In the case of education, higher levels of schooling in pastoralist groups are associated with higher livestock holdings, greater expenditures, better health, and higher savings (Little et al 2009).…”

Section: Implications Of Infrastructural Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation and Unscripted Development: Proximity to Park Associated with Development and Financial Diversity

Baird¹

2014

E&S

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ABSTRACT. Decades of research on the social dynamics of biodiversity conservation has shown that parks and protected areas have added hardship to rural communities throughout much of the developing world. Nonetheless, some recent studies have found evidence of poverty alleviation near protected areas. To build on these conflicting accounts, I use a comparative, mixed-methods design to examine opportunistic, unplanned, i.e., unscripted, development in indigenous communities near Tarangire National Park (TNP) in northern Tanzania. I ask the questions: (1) How is proximity to TNP related to community-level infrastructural development? (2) How has the process of development changed over time? and (3) How is proximity to TNP related to infrastructure-related social outcomes at the household-level? Results from semistructured interviews show that, compared with distant communities, communities near TNP have developed more extensive education and water infrastructure in the past decade by procuring financial support from a greater diversity of external organizations, including wildlife-related organizations. Correspondingly, household survey results show that education measures are positively associated with proximity to TNP, controlling for other factors. These findings support the notion that development can accrue near protected areas in ways that are diverse, uncoordinated, and opportunistic, and correspondingly distinct from heralded community-based conservation, community-based natural resource management, and integrated conservation and development project initiatives.

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“…In recent years, household conditions in particularly vulnerable groups have been examined in numerous isolated studies (e.g., Hadley, Linzer, Belachew, Mariam, Tessema, & Lindstrom, 2011;Oluoko-Odingo, 2011). Research agendas should now seek to assess the scope and impact of AFS in a more comprehensive way in order to help specify their potential to contribute to improving food security in vulnerable households.…”

Section: Research Priorities: Global Southmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Alternative Food Systems Development: Exploring Limitations and Research Opportunities

Albrecht

Johnson

Hamann

et al. 2013

JAFSCD

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In recent years, interest in alternative food systems (AFS) has grown both in the popular imagination and in the academic literature. The literature is rife with justifications (or hopes) for the continued and necessary expansion of AFS in the face of unsustainable conventional food provisioning. Within the next five years it will be important to determine how to make alternatives more stable in order for them to play a more prominent role in battling the food insecurity and other social and economic challenges equated with agro-industrial foods. The goal of this commentary is to demonstrate some highly context-specific challenges and possible research trajectories in both the global South and the global North. We argue that in the global South more robust data collection can strengthen local food systems and traditional foods research, while in the global North, food skills and food literacy research may be important for scaling up and making alternative food systems more stable without compromising important social and economic ideals.

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Vulnerability and Adaptation to Food Insecurity and Poverty in Kenya

Cited by 60 publications

References 13 publications

Climate change adaptive capacity and smallholder farming in Trans-Mara East sub-County, Kenya

Climate change adaptive capacity and smallholder farming in Trans-Mara East sub-County, Kenya

Conservation and Unscripted Development: Proximity to Park Associated with Development and Financial Diversity

Toward Alternative Food Systems Development: Exploring Limitations and Research Opportunities

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