Vulnerability and adaptation strategies of farmers faced with socio-environmental dynamics in Upper Casamance, Senegal

Abstract

Vulnérabilités et stratégies d'adaptation des paysans face aux changements so...

Agroecological concepts and alternatives to the problems of contemporary agriculture: Monoculture and chemical fertilization in the context of climate change

“…The continued accumulation of greenhouse gases GHGs in the globe atmosphere is projected to worsen in the upcoming future i.e increasing the average global temperature, changing the amount and distribution of precipitation, and increasing the frequency and severity of extreme weather events, which results in climate change, characterized by low rainfall, severe drought, strong winds, or floods that can destroy crops and cause post-harvest losses (Alexandridis et al, 2023;Mballo et al, 2019;Mutengwa et al, 2023).These phenomena pose serious threats to agriculture and therefore to households that potentially live of natural resources (Chien et al, 2023;Kabore et al, 2019), such as air, water, solar radiation, soil, and other products that are used to produce energy like wind power, hydropower, solar power, biomass, and biofuel (Hanif et al, 2019). In fact, (Chien et al, 2023) attested that NR (Natural Resources) are being depleted by the integration of technologies of food, water, and energy (Al-Ansari et al, 2017).…”

“…The production of crops is substantially impacted by variations in climatic events (Ahmad & Afzal, 2021;Chien et al, 2023;Faye & Braun, 2022;Idris et al, 2022;Kew et al, 2021;Matthan, 2022;Singh Malhi et al, 2021). Fluctuations of climatic conditions, in particular the drop in rainfall coupled with thermal warming and human activities, cause the imbalance of ecosystems which leads to impacts on farming practices that affect the lives of populations and more specifically that of farmers (Matthan, 2022;Mballo et al, 2019), in particular small and marginal farmers that are less able to adapt to climate change, which increases their vulnerability to losses, due to a lack of awareness (Baul & McDonald, 2015) and a lack of management strategies and financial impacts, especially for African countries (Biber-Freudenberger et al, 2016). Farmers' net income has been observed to drop dramatically as temperatures rise or precipitation falls (Matthan, 2022;Mballo et al, 2019;Singh Malhi et al, 2021).…”

“…Fluctuations of climatic conditions, in particular the drop in rainfall coupled with thermal warming and human activities, cause the imbalance of ecosystems which leads to impacts on farming practices that affect the lives of populations and more specifically that of farmers (Matthan, 2022;Mballo et al, 2019), in particular small and marginal farmers that are less able to adapt to climate change, which increases their vulnerability to losses, due to a lack of awareness (Baul & McDonald, 2015) and a lack of management strategies and financial impacts, especially for African countries (Biber-Freudenberger et al, 2016). Farmers' net income has been observed to drop dramatically as temperatures rise or precipitation falls (Matthan, 2022;Mballo et al, 2019;Singh Malhi et al, 2021). Further, the negative impacts of climate change on agriculture can be increased tenfold by two mechanisms: (i) the non-proportional interactions between the different components of the climate system and (ii) the interactions with the depletion of natural resources and other components of climate change, including those of the Earth system, freshwater use, nutrient cycles and the entire biosphere (Steffen et al, 2015).…”

Caractérisation de la Dynamique des Peuplements Ligneux du Centre Nationale de Recherches Agronomiques de Bambey (Diourbel/Sénégal)

“…Elles contribuent, en effet, au maintien des processus écologiques et constituent une source substantielle de ressources alimentaires, énergétiques et pharmacologiques pour de nombreuses populations (FAO, 2018). Sous l'effet du changement global (Cordonnier et al, 2023) et des activités humaines, la plupart des paysages de par le monde sont modifiés ou transformés pour répondre aux besoins socio-économiques des populations (Mballo et al, 2021). Ce phénomène conduit à la fragmentation et à la perte d'habitats de la faune et de la flore.…”

Variabilité pluviométrique et cultures maraichères dans la commune de Zogbodomey au Sud-Bénin

“…De ce fait, l'agriculture urbaine et péri-urbaine s'est développée comme une réponse à la croissance rapide des villes africaines (De Bon, 2010) et joue un rôle capital dans la sécurité alimentaire et nutritionnelle des communautés (Diogo et al, 2011 ;Abou et al, 2018 ;Gouataine et al, 2019). Pour faire face aux enjeux de sécurité alimentaire et nutritionnelle, du chômage et de la désarticulation du système économique, de nombreux ménages recourent au maraîchage comme une stratégie de survie (Minengu et al, 2018 ;Mballo et al, 2019 ;Boubacar et al, 2021). Elle contribue aussi à l'intégration et à la réduction de la pauvreté des populations rurales (Yolou et al, 2015 ;Vissoh, 2017 ;Akponikpè et al, 2019).…”