VR/MR Supporting the Future of Defensive Cyber Operations

Kullman, Kaur; Ryan, Matt; Trossbach, Lee

doi:10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.12.093

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…If this allows CTS information to be encoded more efficiently (e.g., Legge et al, 2012;Wagner et al, 2021), it may also allow for more working memory capacity to be allocated to sharing knowledge about the course and impact of current and future events. Reducing the load on working memory may in turn support establishing shared SA level 3 (Gutzwiller and Clegg, 2013) for decision-making in CTSs (Kullman et al, 2019a).…”

Section: Modified From Lankton (mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typical representations of network topology are in two dimensions (2D), which loses temporal and spatial relationships between nodes in the network, in addition to not scaling well with increased (but often necessary) complexity. Virtual Reality (VR) and Mixed Reality (MR) tools that are able to visualize CSA-relevant information such as network topology as 3D objects in space and time, may aid in the development of shared mental models for efficient RCP communication between technical and non-technical personnel (Kullman et al, 2018(Kullman et al, , 2019a(Kullman et al, ,b, 2020. For instance, SA level 3 is the most vital stage for decision-making and appears to FIGURE Situational Awareness model with suggested requirements for achieving Cyber Situational Awareness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A 3D mixed reality visualization of network topology and activity results in better dyadic cyber team communication and cyber situational awareness

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundCyber defense decision-making during cyber threat situations is based on human-to-human communication aiming to establish a shared cyber situational awareness. Previous studies suggested that communication inefficiencies were among the biggest problems facing security operation center teams. There is a need for tools that allow for more efficient communication of cyber threat information between individuals both in education and during cyber threat situations.MethodsIn the present study, we compared how the visual representation of network topology and traffic in 3D mixed reality vs. 2D affected team performance in a sample of cyber cadets (N = 22) cooperating in dyads. Performance outcomes included network topology recognition, cyber situational awareness, confidence in judgements, experienced communication demands, observed verbal communication, and forced choice decision-making. The study utilized network data from the NATO CCDCOE 2022 Locked Shields cyber defense exercise.ResultsWe found that participants using the 3D mixed reality visualization had better cyber situational awareness than participants in the 2D group. The 3D mixed reality group was generally more confident in their judgments except when performing worse than the 2D group on the topology recognition task (which favored the 2D condition). Participants in the 3D mixed reality group experienced less communication demands, and performed more verbal communication aimed at establishing a shared mental model and less communications discussing task resolution. Better communication was associated with better cyber situational awareness. There were no differences in decision-making between the groups. This could be due to cohort effects such as formal training or the modest sample size.ConclusionThis is the first study comparing the effect of 3D mixed reality and 2D visualizations of network topology on dyadic cyber team communication and cyber situational awareness. Using 3D mixed reality visualizations resulted in better cyber situational awareness and team communication. The experiment should be repeated in a larger and more diverse sample to determine its potential effect on decision-making.

show abstract

Section: Modified From Lankton (mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 3D mixed reality visualization of network topology and activity results in better dyadic cyber team communication and cyber situational awareness

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Kullman ve arkadaşları, ABD savunma bakanlığı ve ordusuna bağlı ağları düşmanca siber aktivitelere karşı koruyan ve siber operasyon işlemleri için yeni teknolojiler geliştiren ABD Ordusu Center C5ISR Siber Güvenlik Hizmet Sağlayıcısı (CSSP) bünyesinde çalışan siber güvenlik uzmanlarının iş akışının hızını ve verimliliğini arttırmak adına siber güvenlik veri kümelerini kullanan sanal ve karma gerçeklik temelli bir 3B veri görüntüleme içeriği geliştirmiştir [20].…”

Section: Literatür çAlışmasıunclassified

Enerji Kritik Alt Yapılarının Güvenliği İçin Bir Sanal Gerçeklik Eğitim Uygulaması Önerisi

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Kritik Altyapılar Ulusal Test Yatağı Merkezi (CENTER) Enerji, eğitim, güvenlik araştırmaları, ulusal/uluslararası saldırı ve savunma çözümleri gibi konuları amaçlayan elektrik güç şebekesi için güvenli bir test yatağı altyapısıdır. Siber güvenlik alanında çalışacak yeni adaylara veya laboratuvarda eğitim alacak lisans/lisansüstü seviyesindeki öğrencilere geliştirilen test yatağında yer alan cihazların tanıtılması, kullanımı, olası sistemsel arıza ve siber saldırı senaryoların uygulanması gibi konularda eğitim verilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, CENTER Enerji’nin bir sanal gerçeklik uygulaması ile simüle edilmesini öneren bir tasarı sunulmaktadır. Böylece, çalışma ekibine katılacak olan yeni araştırmacıların ve laboratuvara eğitim amaçlı olarak alınacak öğrencilerin adı geçen eğitim sürecinde eş-zamanlı ve laboratuvar ortamından bağımsız olarak sanal ortamda ön eğitimden geçirilerek adaptasyon sürecinin hızlandırılması amaçlanmaktadır.

show abstract

“…Assumption 2: It is possible to create data-shapes by interviewing SMEs in order to identify hierarchies of entities and entity 5 groups in their data that, when grouped by their functions, could be arranged into a 3D topology.…”

Section: Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As noted in [2], cybersecurity-specific visualizations can be broadly classified into a) network analysis, b) malware analysis, c) threat analysis and situational awareness. Timely and efficient execution of tasks in each of these categories may require different types of visualizations addressed by a growing number of cybersecurity-specific visualization tools (for examples and descriptions of such see [3], [5] and [6]) as well as universal software with visualization capabilities. These tools could be used to visualize data in myriad ways (for examples and descriptions of such see [7]) so that SMEs could explore their data visually and interactively (for interaction techniques see [8]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Model Mapping Method for Cybersecurity

Kullman

Buchanan

Komlódi

et al. 2020

HCI for Cybersecurity, Privacy and Trust

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Visualizations can enhance the efficiency of Cyber Defense Analysts, Cyber Defense Incident Responders and Network Operations Specialists (Subject Matter Experts, SME) by providing contextual information for various cybersecurity-related datasets and data sources. We propose that customized, stereoscopic 3D visualizations, aligned with SMEs internalized representations of their data, may enhance their capability to understand the state of their systems in ways that flat displays with either text, 2D or 3D visualizations cannot afford. For these visualizations to be useful and efficient, we need to align these to SMEs internalized understanding of their data. In this paper we propose a method for interviewing SMEs to extract their implicit and explicit understanding of the data that they work with, to create useful, interactive, stereoscopically perceivable visualizations that would assist them with their tasks.

show abstract

VR/MR Supporting the Future of Defensive Cyber Operations

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

A 3D mixed reality visualization of network topology and activity results in better dyadic cyber team communication and cyber situational awareness

A 3D mixed reality visualization of network topology and activity results in better dyadic cyber team communication and cyber situational awareness

Enerji Kritik Alt Yapılarının Güvenliği İçin Bir Sanal Gerçeklik Eğitim Uygulaması Önerisi

Mental Model Mapping Method for Cybersecurity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About