VPP Participation in the FCR Cooperation Considering Opportunity Costs
Fernando J. Ribeiro,
João A. Peças Lopes,
Filipe J. Soares
et al.
Abstract:Currently, the transmission system operators (TSOs) from Portugal and Spain do not procure a frequency containment reserve (FCR) through market mechanisms. In this context, a virtual power plant (VPP) that aggregates sources, such as wind and solar power and hydrogen electrolyzers (HEs), would benefit from future participation in this ancillary service market. The methodology proposed in this paper allows for quantifying the revenues of a VPP that aggregates wind and solar power and HEs, considering the opport… Show more
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