“…[7,10,12]. However, for problems in simple geometries the hybrid particle-mesh Vortex-In-Cell (VIC) algorithm is often preferred [54,55,40,42,56] due to the availability of efficient solvers for the Poisson equation (3) on a regular mesh. Extensions to the method include domain decomposition techniques and locally body fitted meshes to allow treatment of more complex problems such as the flow past multiple circular cylinders [4,13].…”