2022
DOI: 10.3788/col202220.012601
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Vortex beam: generation and detection of orbital angular momentum [Invited]

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Cited by 113 publications
(42 citation statements)
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References 122 publications
(174 reference statements)
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“…18,19 Mostly, for the detection of a given OAM value, researchers have presented many methods to detect OAM states. 20 One common way to identify the topological charge l is to directly observe the interference or farfield diffraction intensity patterns. [21][22][23] But, these methods applied only to the detection of the azimuthal index lðp ¼ 0Þ.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…18,19 Mostly, for the detection of a given OAM value, researchers have presented many methods to detect OAM states. 20 One common way to identify the topological charge l is to directly observe the interference or farfield diffraction intensity patterns. [21][22][23] But, these methods applied only to the detection of the azimuthal index lðp ¼ 0Þ.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Atmospheric turbulence is a random movement of air, in which irregular changes in temperature, humidity, and pressure lead to uneven refractive index distribution of the atmosphere in general, and many constantly moving air vortices in the flowing atmosphere pose challenges to laser transmission in the atmosphere [1][2][3][4][5][6]. The vortex beam carrying orbital angular momentum has infinite quantum eigenstates of orbital angular momentum by each photon in the beam due to its infinite possibility of topological charge value, which can greatly improve the channel capacity and information transfer efficiency of the current free-space optical communication system [7][8][9][10][11][12]. In addition, vortex beams have been widely used in optical communication, remote sensing, and super-resolution imaging due to their specific spiral phase structure and dark empty ring light intensity distribution [13][14][15][16].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The beam with orbital angular momentum (OAM) has the phase term e i φ in the complex amplitude equation, where φ is the azimuthal angle and is the angular quantum number or topological charge. OAM is an inherent characteristic of vortex beam photons, and each photon carries OAM, which is [3,4]. Due to the highdimensional characteristics of the photon OAM, it is utilized in applications such as optical tweezers [5,6], micromanipulation [7,8], angular velocity sensing [9], quantum information [10][11][12][13], quantum computing [14][15][16][17], optical communications [18][19][20][21][22] and quantum cryptography [23].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%