Vortex arrays in a rotating superfluid<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">He</mml:mi><mml:mprescripts /><mml:none /><mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:math>nanocylinder

Ancilotto, Francesco; Pí, M.; Barranco, M.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.90.174512

Cited by 20 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…[27]. These calculations also predict much smaller radial displacements of the vortices inside rotating droplets than described herein, similar to previous measurements [24][25] and calculations for a rotating cylinder [26,28].…”

Section: Main Textsupporting

confidence: 89%

Coupled motion of Xe clusters and quantum vortices in He nanodroplets

Jones¹,

Bernando²,

Tanyag³

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. B

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Single He nanodroplets doped with Xe atoms are studied via ultrafast coherent x-ray diffraction imaging. The diffraction images show that rotating He nanodroplets about 200 nm in diameter contain a small number of symmetrically arranged quantum vortices decorated with Xe clusters. Unexpected large distances of the vortices from the droplet center (≈0.7–0.8 droplet radii) are explained by a significant contribution of the Xe dopants to the total angular momentum of the droplets and a stabilization of widely spaced vortex configurations by the trapped Xe clusters

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Section: Main Textsupporting

confidence: 89%

Coupled motion of Xe clusters and quantum vortices in He nanodroplets

Jones¹,

Bernando²,

Tanyag³

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. B

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“…As discussed earlier, DFT has proven to be a very useful theoretical tool to study vortices in liquid 4 He. In most recent applications, vortex arrays in a rotating 4 He nanocylinder 73 and in 4 He nanodroplets 71 were studied by DFT. In the former case, the n v -vortex stability diagram was computed and compared with that of classical vortex lines in an inviscid, incompressible fluid.…”

Section: Interaction Of Impurities With Vortex Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The binding energy is the result of a delicate balance between the contributing terms and the resulting values are typically rather small. For example, the binding energy of a Xe atom to a vortex line is only 3-5 K. 72,73 The kinetic energy of the superfluid flow in the volume excluded by the impurity intuitively corresponds to B X and for this reason it is also called 'substitution energy'. 74 Using a classical sharp wall model for the impurity bubble and vortex line, the binding energy can be approximated as 74…”

Section: B Introduction Of Vorticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Density functional theory of doped superfluid liquid helium and nanodroplets

Ancilotto

Barranco

Coppens

et al. 2017

International Reviews in Physical Chemistry

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111

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“…Several questions were raised in these works, including the origin of unusual shapes of doped helium droplets and distribution of vortices inside the droplet. Although certain aspects were clarified by theorists [17][18][19], the connection between the rotational motion of a droplet and a dopant still remains unclear [16]. In nanodroplet experiments doping particles are approximately 33 times heavier than fluid atoms and the diameter of each particle is comparable with a vortex core size in helium.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Static and dynamic properties of heavily doped quantum vortices

Pshenichnyuk

2017

New J. Phys.

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Quantum vortices in superfluids may capture matter and deposit it inside their core. By doping vortices with foreign particles one can effectively visualize them and study them experimentally. To acquire a better understanding of the interaction between quantum vortices and matter, and clarify the details of recent experiments, the properties of doped vortices are investigated here theoretically in the regimes where the doping mass becomes close to the total mass of superfluid particles forming a vortex. Such formations are dynamically stable and, possessing both vorticity and enhanced inertia, demonstrate properties that are different from the pure vortex case. The goal of this paper is to define and investigate the universal aspects of heavily doped vortex behavior, which can be realized in different types of quantum mixtures. The proposed 3D model is based on a system of coupled semiclassical matter wave equations that are solved numerically in a wide range of physical parameters. The size, geometry and binding energy of dopants in different regimes are discussed. The coupled motion of a vortex-dopant complex and decoupling conditions are studied. The reconnection of vortices, taken as an example of a fundamental process responsible for the evolution of a quantum turbulent state, is modeled to illustrate the difference between the light and heavy doping cases.Illuminating experiments in quantum turbulence were performed recently using superfluid helium nanodroplets [13][14][15][16]. Vortex filaments in rotating droplets were doped with Ag and Xe atoms and studied using a femtosecond x-ray coherent diffractive imaging technique as well as electron microscopy preceded by surfacedeposition of the samples. Several questions were raised in these works, including the origin of unusual shapes of doped helium droplets and distribution of vortices inside the droplet. Although certain aspects were clarified by theorists [17][18][19], the connection between the rotational motion of a droplet and a dopant still remains unclear [16]. In nanodroplet experiments doping particles are approximately 33 times heavier than fluid atoms and the diameter of each particle is comparable with a vortex core size in helium. This is quite opposite, for instance, in comparison to large and light electron bubbles often used as dopants and well studied in the past both experimentally and theoretically [20][21][22]. Being captured, heavy particles may influence the vortex motion significantly and theoretical modeling is necessary to understand the details of their behavior.According to the results of Gordon and colleagues [8,9], guest atoms in helium above a critical temperature tend to form spherical clusters. In superfluid helium below critical temperature impurities with a certain probability stick together to produce long cylindrical filaments, which are attributed to the presence of quantum vortices. These filaments are stable enough to exist independently, by decoupling from vortices, which allows them to be studied using a surface-depo...

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Vortex arrays in a rotating superfluidHe4nanocylinder

Cited by 20 publications

References 60 publications

Coupled motion of Xe clusters and quantum vortices in He nanodroplets

Coupled motion of Xe clusters and quantum vortices in He nanodroplets

Density functional theory of doped superfluid liquid helium and nanodroplets

Static and dynamic properties of heavily doped quantum vortices

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