VoroGame: A Hybrid P2P Architecture for Massively Multiplayer Games

Buyukkaya, Eliya; Abdallah, Maha; Cavagna, Romain

doi:10.1109/ccnc.2009.4784788

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…To address the issue of overcrowded regions, several techniques use dynamic partitioning schemes, where regions might have different sizes but comparable computing requirements. The problem with this approach is that the management of dynamic regions requires a huge amount of communication between region masters that consumes bandwidth and introduces latency [20], [21]. For instance actors could continuously be migrated from one region to another even if they did not change their positions.…”

Section: A World Partitioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some considerations on the design of a P2P infrastructure for massive simulations

Cordasco

Chiara

Erra

et al. 2009

2009 International Conference on Ultra Modern Telecommunications &Amp; Workshops

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Massive MultiuserVirtual Environments (MMVEs) are rapidly expanding both in the number of users and complexity of interactions. Their needs of computational resources offer new challenges for the computer scientists. In this paper we present some ideas on the implementation of a Massive Simulation Environments, a particular MMVE, distributed over a Peer-to-Peer infrastructure. We analyze some of the problems related to the workload balancing on such distributed environments. In particular we discuss an hybrid Peer-to-Peer architecture in order to provide an efficient load balancing strategy. By some assumptions on temporal and spatial coherence, we use a predictor component which exploits previous phase workload as an estimate for next phase workload for load balancing purposes.

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Section: A World Partitioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some considerations on the design of a P2P infrastructure for massive simulations

Cordasco

Chiara

Erra

et al. 2009

2009 International Conference on Ultra Modern Telecommunications &Amp; Workshops

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“…One such system divides the whole scene space into several regions controlled by coordinators and separately uses Pastry and Scribe for scene dispatch and state updates. Another system adopts the structured DHT mechanism for state data update, and the unstructured Voronoi mechanism for neighbor discovery, but this is only an initial design and no experimental evaluation. A third system constructs a hybrid architecture via P2P Cloud and uses Dynamic MapReduce and DHT P2P Storage Cloud for dynamic load management.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interest‐driven avatar neighbor‐organizing for P2P transmission in distributed virtual worlds

Wang

Jia

Xie

et al. 2015

Computer Animation & Virtual

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The neighbor table/distributed hash table (DHT) is used to choose the data supplier for data‐dispatching services in distributed virtual environments based on peer‐to‐peer networks. It is essential that a stable and efficient neighbor table/DHT be maintained. Because the avatar has much freedom to roam, the spatial distribution of nodes is not uniform, and the logical topology may change dramatically. Therefore, traditional construction mechanisms, such as the neighbor‐discovery mechanism based on spatial distance or DHT, may involve fierce churn in the neighbor table and frequent message exchanges. In this paper, we proposed a dynamic node‐organizing mechanism that aims to solve these challenging problems by applying the avatar's behavioral characteristics to the neighbor maintenance mechanism and scene data transmission. First, we have summarized the common social behaviors of avatars and extracted their characteristics. We then propose an interest‐similarity measuring algorithm to divide the node into diverse clusters. Next, we measure the cluster stability in terms of interest entropy while constructing a stable neighbor mesh for each node in a cluster. We have conducted extensive simulation experiments that simulate avatar behaviors in a popular massively multiplayer online game. The results show that our proposed mechanism achieved a substantial alleviation of neighbor churn and reduced information exchange, which improves the transmission efficiency in distributed virtual environments. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Splitting the Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This special peer is referred as Super Peer (SP) and usually manages a region so that each peer in the region is connected to it. Chen and Muntz [26] used a SP to manage each hexagonal region while Kim et al [27] and Buyukkaya et al [28] used a SP to manage a square and polygon region, respectively.Splitting the region can also be done by considering the Area of Interest (AOI). Several works such as Almashor et al [29], and Carlini et al [30] use Voronoi overlays to maintain AOI, which eases the identification of neighbours.…”

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confidence: 99%

Object-Based Viewpoint For Large-Scale Distributed Virtual Environment

Elfizar¹,

Baba²,

Herawan³

2015

MJCS

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Distributed Virtual Environment (DVE) is a shared application consisting many objects INTRODUCTIONVirtual Environment (VE) as a simulation application is widely studied and used for the development of computer generated synthetic environments and analysis purposes. To involve many users in a VE, Distributed Virtual Environment (DVE) is often needed. Many users in separated places can come together to collaborate in a VE. For instance, they can use DVE to collaborate virtually with each other to carry out a work such as surgery training, automotive assembly simulations, etc. They can also go to a virtual music concert or attend a virtual classroom.Virtual world is one of the most popular applications of DVE. For instance is Second Life [1], which is the state of the art of virtual worlds. On May 2012, the world of Second Life was made up of thousands of regions, which if they are linked together will spread over 1,962.93 km 2 of virtual lands [2]. The world consists of avatars, terrains, trees, buildings, and other objects. Each region is a process run by a simulator. With Second Life, users can enjoy the 3D scenery, walk, drive, interact with other avatars, play games, or create objects. In fact, 99% of objects in Second Life are user created [3]. This virtual world is often used commercially by users to sell their properties to others. Therefore, DVEs may have a very large number of objects and users at one time and this can easily overload a fast network, as well as impose huge processing requirements at the server and client computers. As computing resources are limited, there are obvious problems that arise once the number of objects and users in a simulation reach a certain limit. If no special mechanisms are provided, one may expect a DVE to produce undesirable effects such as choppy rendering, and loss of interactivity, due to lack of processing power to handle the increasing load.Scaling a DVE depends on two aspects, i.e. scaling the number of concurrent users interacting with each other, or scaling the scene complexity (number of objects and the complexity of their behaviours and appearances). Several methods have been generated to scale DVEs such as dividing simulation workload [4-6], using dynamic load balancing among servers [7], and creating alternative architectures [8][9][10][11]. Scaling the DVEs can be done at the server"s side (using cluster or cloud computing) or the client"s side (using peer-to-peer model). However, these techniques are not enough to accommodate DVEs with huge number of objects and thousands of concurrent users. Other than that, increasing the number of objects and users decreases the performance of DVE.In this paper, we determine the characteristics of the present DVEs. These characteristics are then used to determine the present viewpoint to develop the DVEs. To address the limitation of current approaches, we propose a novel viewpoint, called object-based viewpoint, to generate a new DVE architecture. The novelty of the proposed approach is that, unlike the existi...

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VoroGame: A Hybrid P2P Architecture for Massively Multiplayer Games

Cited by 22 publications

References 9 publications

Some considerations on the design of a P2P infrastructure for massive simulations

Some considerations on the design of a P2P infrastructure for massive simulations

Interest‐driven avatar neighbor‐organizing for P2P transmission in distributed virtual worlds

Object-Based Viewpoint For Large-Scale Distributed Virtual Environment

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