Vorkommen und Herkunft von Arzneistoffen in Fließgewässern

Ternes, Thomas A.; Siegrist, Hansruedi; Joss, Adriano

doi:10.1007/3-540-33638-9_6

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The MWCO of the NF 270, which plays a decisive role in MP‐rejection, varies between 150 and 400 g/mol depending on the source 22‐24,26 . In these experiments, even the smallest molecules like carbamazepine (236.6 g/mol) were highly retained, which supports a MWCO below 300 g/mol.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…The MWCO of the NF 270, which plays a decisive role in MPrejection, varies between 150 and 400 g/mol depending on the source. [22][23][24]26 In these experiments, even the smallest molecules like carbamazepine (236.6 g/mol) were highly retained, which supports a MWCO below 300 g/mol. Although all MP are retained to a high degree, a dependency between molecule size and respective deposition efficiency can be established.…”

Section: Rejection Micropollutantsmentioning

confidence: 77%

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Removal of emerging micropollutants from wastewater by nanofiltration and biofilm reactor (MicroStop)

Büning

Rechtenbach

Behrendt

et al. 2021

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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Current wastewater treatment is not designed for the elimination of micropollutants (MP) and therefore these are released into the aquatic environment by means of the municipal wastewater. The MicroStop project investigates a combination of a fixed‐bed reactor (FBR) and a nanofiltration plant (NF) for the elimination of organic MP. NF acts as a barrier for MP while biological degradation of the pollutants is to be induced in the FBR. A simultaneous treatment of the retentate should be realized by its return to the FBR. The NF is to be supplied with energy by a large separation of organic matter in the primary clarification. The experiments showed that NF can eliminate more than 95% of the selected and detected MP on average, and therefore, this method represents a suitable barrier for these pollutants. The retentate of the NF was used to test the potential of the biological degradation in the FBR. The test results showed that a significant biological degradation of different MP took place in the FBR. The degradability of the substances could be verified by not detecting significant adsorption on sludge and fixed‐bed. For certain MP (sulfamethoxazole and carbamazepine) only little potential of biodegradation could be detected, which is confirmed by values from the literature. Apart from these two substances, the average degradation rate was 78%. The successful MP‐retention in connection with the biological degradation rates demonstrated the potential of the concept. Statement of Industrial Relevance It is undisputed that the conventional wastewater treatment has to be upgraded, since it is not able to eliminate residual MP. The following describes how the MicroStop‐process is able to address MP where competitive processes such as activated carbon or ozonation fail to do so: The process is able to eliminate MP comprehensively and to retain microplastics, pathogenic germs and metabolites to a large extent before they reach the environment. The retentate, which normally occurs as residue of the NF, is directly treated in the FBR. The only residue of the MicroStop‐process would be the excess sludge, which could easily be used for sludge treatment. The effluent of the process is of high quality. This could be used in other regions of the world for irrigating plants, for industrial processes or even as tap water. The potentially increased energy consumption (i.e., due to NF) is taken into account in our concept by the carbon extraction in the primary treatment. Novelty or Significance The combination of NF with biological degradation of MP in a FBR represents a process that has not yet been investigated in this form. In addition, the combination with an elevated carbon extraction in the primary treatment (Powerstep‐process) represents the idea of a complete redesign of conventional municipal wastewater treatment plants.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Rejection Micropollutantsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Removal of emerging micropollutants from wastewater by nanofiltration and biofilm reactor (MicroStop)

Büning

Rechtenbach

Behrendt

et al. 2021

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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“…The biodegradability can further be influenced by sludge age as well as redox conditions. An increased sludge age can significantly increase the elimination of micropollutants (Clara et al, 2005; Ternes et al, 2006), as it allows slow‐growing bacteria to become better established for a more specific substrate degradation (Abegglen et al, 2012). By implementing attached growth instead of suspended growth, higher biomass concentrations can be achieved and slow‐growing bacteria can establish (Guo et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of emerging micropollutants from nanofiltration retentate of municipal wastewater within biological fixed‐bed reactors under nitrifying and denitrifying conditions

Stricker,

Tamim,

Rechtenbach

et al. 2023

Water Environment Research

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Municipal water resource recovery facilities are not designed to eliminate micropollutants, leading to many pollutants entering the aquatic environment. Within this study, as part of the project MicroStop, the biological treatment of nanofiltration effluent (retentate) under pure aerobic (without nitrification) as well as nitrifying and denitrifying conditions has been investigated for micropollutant elimination. A potential of further biotransformation under increased hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 14 days was shown. Under both HRT of 7 and 14 days, eliminations below LOQ were achieved in the aerated bioreactor for gabapentin, iomeprol, and metoprolol, reaching > 95%, > 69 to > 92%, and > 72%, respectively. The reduction of diclofenac was positively influenced by longer HRT leading to an elimination of up to 67%. Sulfamethoxazole was reduced under denitrification, but accumulated under aeration, resulting in fluctuating results and an overall elimination of 78% under 14 days HRT.Practitioner Points The micropollutant elimination in fixed‐bed bioreactors of highly concentrated nanofiltration retentate was studied. Pure aerobic (without nitrification), nitrifying, and denitrifying conditions were investigated under hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 7 and 14 days. Higher initial pollutant concentrations enhanced the biological degradability in attached growth for substances being moderately degradable in activated sludge systems. 4A potential of further biological micropollutant elimination was shown for gabapentin, iomeprol, metoprolol, and diclofenac.

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Vorkommen und Herkunft von Arzneistoffen in Fließgewässern

Cited by 2 publications

References 11 publications

Removal of emerging micropollutants from wastewater by nanofiltration and biofilm reactor (MicroStop)

Removal of emerging micropollutants from wastewater by nanofiltration and biofilm reactor (MicroStop)

Removal of emerging micropollutants from nanofiltration retentate of municipal wastewater within biological fixed‐bed reactors under nitrifying and denitrifying conditions

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