Vorg�nge bei der Dehnung von Zinkkristallen

Mark, H.; Schmid, E.

doi:10.1007/bf01328083

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In general only one and occasionally tv/o slip systems appear to operate at the start of slip (if we ignore the symmetrical orientations <001> and <111>). This experimental result v/as explained by H. Mark et al (1922) and Taylor £ Elam (1923, 1925. They assumed that in each metal there is a definite shear stress T at v/hich the c planes can slip over one another.…”

Section: Extension Of Copper Single Crystalssupporting

confidence: 65%

Elastic moduli and internal friction of cold worked copper single crystals

Weiner¹,

Beukel²,

Penning

1975

Acta Metallurgica

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between twinning and strain to fracture 83 V.3.3 Summary and conclusions V.'t Change of the elastic moduli and internal friction as a function of deformation V.4.1 Introduction V.4.2 Experimental results on <001>, <011>, <111> oriented crystals V.4.2.1 Modulus effect after plastic elongation. . y.k.l.l Modulus effect after plastic torsion ... V.4.3 Modulus effect of various orientations after plastic extension v.'*.'! Recovery measurements

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Section: Extension Of Copper Single Crystalssupporting

confidence: 65%

Elastic moduli and internal friction of cold worked copper single crystals

Weiner¹,

Beukel²,

Penning

1975

Acta Metallurgica

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“…The work hardening behavior of a single crystal strongly depends on the initial tensile orientation of the single crystal as not all of the orientations of single crystals show the three-stage hardening behavior. It is important to refer to the crystallographic rotation under tension, as elucidated by Schmid [35,36]. There are two origins for the hardening of crystals during deformation: the physical hardening caused by the increase in dislocation density and the geometric hardening caused by crystal rotation.…”

Section: The Effects Of the Crystal Rotation Of Metallic Single Cryst...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Path Dependency of Plastic Deformation in Crystals: Work Hardening, Crystallographic Rotation and Dislocation Structure Evolution

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2022

Crystals

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This paper reviewed the research progress of studies on the crystal rotation of single crystals that were deformed by tension and shear and the influences of crystal rotation and dislocation evolution on strain hardening behavior in crystals that were deformed with different initial orientations. The crystal rotation is entirely different depending on whether the single crystal was deformed by tension or shear. A three-stage work hardening behavior, which is not one of the intrinsic properties of materials, is generated when FCC metallic single crystals are deformed by tension along unstable oriFigurFigurentations, but single crystals do not exhibit this three-stage hardening behavior when they are deformed by simple shear at room temperature. Under tension, crystal rotation causes the transition from work hardening stage I to stage II, while the transition from work hardening stage II to III is caused by dislocation evolution. The evolution of the dislocation structure is related to deformation loading and can be classified into three types when a crystal is deformed by tension. Different from tension, shear stress can directly act on one of the 12 slip systems when a crystal is deformed by simple shear. When FCC single crystals are deformed by shear along the (11¯1)[110], (111)[112¯] and (001)[110] orientations, the single slip system, co-planar slip systems and co-directional slip systems are activated, respectively, and the crystals hardly rotate under the shear conditions. The slip direction of [110] forces the crystal to rotate toward the shear direction under simple shear. The dislocation tangles tend to form the dislocation cells and wall structures when multiple slip systems are activated under simple shear.

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“…Mark et al [73][74][75] studied the plastic deformation of zinc single-crystals, hexagonal close-packed crystal structure, and identified the slip planes (basal and prismatic planes) and slip directions (close-packed directions) acting during the plastic deformation of zinc single-crystals. Additionally, they observed the rotation of the crystal lattice during the plastic deformation.…”

Section: Understanding the Internal Structure Of The Plastically Defomentioning

confidence: 99%

History of the Recrystallisation of Metals: A Summary of Ideas and Findings until the 1950s

Azevedo

Padilha

2020

Mat. Res.

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The paper reviews the events that led to the understanding of the recrystallisation of metals throughout history, covering the timeline from 3500 BC until the 1950s and dealing mainly with the misconceptions related to the "recrystallisation" and "amorphisation". This history begins with the thermomechanical processing of native metals in pre-Columbian America (3,000 BC), and the production of brass coins in Rome (100 BC). The analysis of the fracture surfaces of metals, commonly used between the 16 th and 18 th centuries in Europe for the quality control of metallic products, is briefly discussed. The observation of crystalline and fibrous fractures lead to the common misconception of the 19 th century that "recrystallisation" takes place during the heating of "amorphous" cold-worked metals. The use of reflecting optical microscopy in the late 19 th century indicated, however, that the plastic deformation only promotes a morphological change in the microstructure of the metals without any "amorphisation". In the early 20 th century, the plastic deformation of metals by crystal plane slipping and twinning was well documented by metallographic observation during tensile testing. Nevertheless, in 1915, Prof. Rosenhain advocated that the "crystal" inside the slip bands of a plastically deformed metal was "amorphous" and responsible for the work hardening. The discovery of the X-ray diffraction technique, in 1913, allowed to resolve the ongoing dispute of the "amorphisation" of metals during plastic deformation. Between the 1920s and 1950s, X-ray diffraction was practically the only means of studying the internal structure of metals to explain the nature of their plasticity, confirming many aspects of the dislocation theory. This technique was crucially important to understand the atomic crystal structure of metals in the annealed and cold-work states. Our history finishes in the 1950s when the transmission electron microscopy finally revealed the first images of dislocation in metals. Up to that date, most of the understanding of the dislocations' distribution and organisation in cold-work and annealed states had already been derived from X-ray diffractograms, which gave birth to the modern physical metallurgy.

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Vorg�nge bei der Dehnung von Zinkkristallen

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Elastic moduli and internal friction of cold worked copper single crystals

Elastic moduli and internal friction of cold worked copper single crystals

Path Dependency of Plastic Deformation in Crystals: Work Hardening, Crystallographic Rotation and Dislocation Structure Evolution

History of the Recrystallisation of Metals: A Summary of Ideas and Findings until the 1950s

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