Volutin Granules in Zoogloea ramigera

Roinestad, Frank A.; Yall, Irving

doi:10.1128/aem.19.6.973-979.1970

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…In wild-type HMS174(DE3) under standard GFP/LtrA induction conditions at 30 °C, 16.5% of the cells showed detectable poly(P) fluorescence localized in discrete foci, mainly at the cell poles (P), another 8.9% showed more diffuse poly(P) fluorescence (D), and the remainder (74.6%) showed no detectable poly(P) fluorescence (N), likely reflecting at least in part the sensitivity of the detection method ( Figure 6 A). The localization of poly(P) in discrete foci (“volutin granules”) at the cellular poles has been found previously in other bacteria [ 29 – 31 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

Group II Intron Protein Localization and Insertion Sites Are Affected by Polyphosphate

et al. 2008

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Mobile group II introns consist of a catalytic intron RNA and an intron-encoded protein with reverse transcriptase activity, which act together in a ribonucleoprotein particle to promote DNA integration during intron mobility. Previously, we found that the Lactococcus lactis Ll.LtrB intron-encoded protein (LtrA) expressed alone or with the intron RNA to form ribonucleoprotein particles localizes to bacterial cellular poles, potentially accounting for the intron's preferential insertion in the oriC and ter regions of the Escherichia coli chromosome. Here, by using cell microarrays and automated fluorescence microscopy to screen a transposon-insertion library, we identified five E. coli genes (gppA, uhpT, wcaK, ynbC, and zntR) whose disruption results in both an increased proportion of cells with more diffuse LtrA localization and a more uniform genomic distribution of Ll.LtrB-insertion sites. Surprisingly, we find that a common factor affecting LtrA localization in these and other disruptants is the accumulation of intracellular polyphosphate, which appears to bind LtrA and other basic proteins and delocalize them away from the poles. Our findings show that the intracellular localization of a group II intron-encoded protein is a major determinant of insertion-site preference. More generally, our results suggest that polyphosphate accumulation may provide a means of localizing proteins to different sites of action during cellular stress or entry into stationary phase, with potentially wide physiological consequences.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

Group II Intron Protein Localization and Insertion Sites Are Affected by Polyphosphate

et al. 2008

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“…Zoogloea has also been involved in the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite, which is carried out by ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB). Furthermore, a research study conducted by Roinestad and Yall confirmed the presence of polyphosphate granules in Zoogloea cells. Polyphosphate granules are mostly detected in the PAOs cells.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

The multi‐stage vertical bioreactor in water engineering

Cuenca

Reza²

2019

Can J Chem Eng

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The excess of nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorous compounds in surface water (ie, coastal areas, lakes, and rivers) is responsible for major economic, public health, and environmental crises. Their impact is measured in multi‐billion‐dollar losses, in greenhouse gas emissions and severe algal blooms whose toxicity and geographical dimensions are being monitored and recorded. The present paper focuses on four areas, namely: (a) the economic impact of nutrient pollution, (b) a brief glance at the evolution of the technologies associated with nutrient removal from water/wastewater, (c) a review of the existing conventional planar reactors used in nutrient removal plants, and (d) a description of a novel multi‐stage vertical bioreactor and its removal performance, microbial ecology, comparative costs, and construction flexibility. This bioreactor with acronym STAR (simultaneous treatment for ammonia/phosphate removal) is the first multistage bioreactor with vertical configuration used for the simultaneous nitrification, denitrification, and biological phosphorus removal from wastewater. The bioreactor shows high nutrient removal efficiencies of over 95% for both phosphorous and nitrogen compounds. Due to its vertical configuration, this bioreactor requires a smaller footprint and its modularity makes it exceedingly flexible to accommodate to the restricted construction spaces in urban areas.

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“…Another possible explanation for the high abundance in the effluent is that these bacteria grew not only attached to the granule, but also in the bulk liquid as free floating cells. Both Meganema and Zoogloea have high substrate uptake rate and growth rate (Roinestad and Yall 1970 ; Kragelund et al 2005 ), therefore they may also grow in suspended phase even in SBRs operated at 2 min settling time and 9.3 h HRT. It has also been shown that suspended biomass can be retained under wash-out conditions if attached to the rough surfaces of broken granules (Verawaty et al 2012 ) or sheltered in indentations on the granule surface (Gonzalez-Gil and Holliger 2014 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the bacterial community composition in the granular and the suspended phase of sequencing batch reactors

et al. 2017

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Granulation of activated sludge is an increasingly important area within the field of wastewater treatment. Granulation is usually achieved by high hydraulic selection pressure, which results in the wash-out of slow settling particles. The effect of the harsh wash-out conditions on the granular sludge ecosystem is not yet fully understood, but different bacterial groups may be affected to varying degrees. In this study, we used high-throughput amplicon sequencing to follow the community composition in granular sludge reactors for 12 weeks, both in the granular phase and the suspended phase (effluent). The microbiome of the washed out biomass was similar but not identical to the microbiome of the granular biomass. Certain taxa (e.g. Flavobacterium spp. and Bdellovibrio spp.) had significantly (p < 0.05) higher relative abundance in the granules compared to the effluent. Fluorescence in situ hybridization images indicated that these taxa were mainly located in the interior of granules and therefore protected from erosion. Other taxa (e.g. Meganema sp. and Zooglea sp.) had significantly lower relative abundance in the granules compared to the effluent, and appeared to be mainly located on the surface of granules and therefore subject to erosion. Despite being washed out, these taxa were among the most abundant members of the granular sludge communities and were likely growing fast in the reactors. The ratio between relative abundance in the granular biomass and in the effluent did not predict temporal variation of the taxa in the reactors, but it did appear to predict the spatial location of the taxa in the granules.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13568-017-0471-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Volutin Granules in Zoogloea ramigera

Cited by 14 publications

References 7 publications

Group II Intron Protein Localization and Insertion Sites Are Affected by Polyphosphate

Group II Intron Protein Localization and Insertion Sites Are Affected by Polyphosphate

The multi‐stage vertical bioreactor in water engineering

Comparison of the bacterial community composition in the granular and the suspended phase of sequencing batch reactors

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