Volunteerism, the Beneficent Subject and Ecological Validity

Williams, Harriet G.

doi:10.1080/00336297.1973.10519770

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…I explain males and females exhibit differences in willingness to participate in certain types of research and these differences correspond with psychological differences between the sexes (NB. Extended discussions on personality traits associated with research participation can be found elsewhere (Farre et al, 1995;Gustavsson et al, 1997;Pieters et al, 1992;Rosnow & Rosenthal, 1976;Williams, 1973)). I then explain that males and females are often interested in different research topics and that differences in health behaviors and outcomes between the sexes warrants consideration when discussing ESS research participation.…”

Section: Aimmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the consequence of this sex difference in fear of experimental pain is a difference in willingness to participate in research that involves painful procedures. Howe (1960), whose study was cited by Williams (1973), found 81% of males were willing to participate in an experiment that involved electrical shocks, whereas 67% of females were willing to participate.…”

Section: Painful or Unpleasant Procedures -Non-ess Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Volunteer Bias and Female Participation in Exercise and Sports Science Research

Nuzzo

2021

Quest

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In 1973, Harriet Williams published in Quest on volunteer bias (selfselection bias) in kinesiology research. Williams' evidence-based commentary included a discussion on sex differences in volunteerism. More recently, some exercise and sports scientists (ESS) have suggested investigator bias explains the lower proportion of female than male participants in ESS research. Here, I explain volunteer bias warrants consideration in contemporary discussions on female participation in ESS research. I discuss sex differences in willingness to participate in certain research and how this corresponds to sex differences in personality traits and interests. I explain that sex differences in disease prevalence and physical activity participation also likely contribute to sex differences in ESS research participation. I conclude that, moving forward, evidence-based historical interpretations of female participation in ESS research are required, and future research should seek to establish a causal model of ESS research participation that considers both investigator and volunteer bias.

show abstract