Voluntary exercise increases the new cell formation in the hippocampus of ovariectomized mice

Jin, Jizi; Jing, HaeJing; Choi, Gyusung; Oh, Myung Sook; Ryu, Jong Hoon; Jeong, Joo‐Won; Huh, Youngbuhm; Park, Chan

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2008.04.103

Cited by 30 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Studies of physical activity, including treadmill exercise, as in our study, and voluntary wheel running in other studies have shown increased hippocampal neurogenesis with an increase in CR expression [19,25]. In another voluntary exercise study, after an acute increase, the continued exercise reduced neurogenesis age-dependently, and the cellular proliferation effect decreased while later-stage neurons accumulated [21].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Differential Effects of Treadmill Exercise on Calretinin Immunoreactivity in Type 2 Diabetic Rats in Early and Chronic Diabetic Stages

Nam

Hwang

et al. 2011

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. In this study, we investigated the effects of treadmill exercise on calretinin (CR), a marker of early postmitotic neurons, immunoreactivity in the dentate gyrus (DG) of Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, before or after diabetes onset, and Zucker lean control (ZLC) rats. For this study, 6-week-old ZLC and prediabetic ZDF rats, and 22-week-old ZLC and ZDF rats were exercised on the treadmill. Sedentary ZLC and ZDF rats of the same age were used as exercise experiment controls. The exercised prediabetic ZDF rats did not show diabetes onset, while the sedentary prediabetic ZDF rats showed significantly increased blood glucose levels. The exercised diabetic ZDF rats exhibited a decrease in their blood glucose levels compared to the sedentary diabetic ZDF rats, but the levels were still above 20 mmol/l. ZLC rats of both ages were in the normoglycemic range. CR immunoreactivity was detected throughout the DG, including the subgranular zone and the polymorphic layer. Diabetic rats exhibited a significant decrease in the number of CR-immunoreactive cells and fibers in the DG. Exercise in the prediabetic ZDF rats significantly increased the number of CR-immunoreactive cells and fibers in the subgranular zone of the DG. In the ZLC and ZDF rats of chronic diabetic phase, exercise increased CR-immunoreactive neurons in the hilar region. These results suggest that diabetes significantly reduces the number of postmitotic CR-immunoreactive neurons and the intensity of immunoreactivity and that exercise increases these CR-related parameters in a diabetic stagedependent manner.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Differential Effects of Treadmill Exercise on Calretinin Immunoreactivity in Type 2 Diabetic Rats in Early and Chronic Diabetic Stages

Nam

Hwang

et al. 2011

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…However, some findings indicated that neither intentional nor involuntary exercises developed cognitive performance, and were not helpful in learning and retention in different hippocampal functions in normal experimental animals (61)(62)(63)(64)(65). Previously, it was indicated that voluntary exercise can promote the cell propagation in hippocampus and improve spatial navigation and aversive memory problems in the estrogen-deprived animals (29). These incompatible data may be due to some differences such as length and time of exercise training, and type and intensity of the experiment used.…”

Section: Exercise Recovers Cognitive Impairments In the Sleep-deprivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exercise can enhance cognitive performance and cell proliferation in the hippocampus (29). ments (6) and improve LTP (13) in neurodegenerative diseases and estrogen deprivation periods (31).Other investigations revealed that regular activity can prevent the SDinduced impairments of cognitive function, synaptic plasticity, and signaling molecules in the hippocampus of male (16) and female rats (6,13,18,19).…”

Section: Introduction and Statement Of The Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Protective Effects of Exercise on Cognitive Impairments Induced by Sleep Deprivation in Female Rats

Saadati

2017

Arch Neurosci

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Sleep is an important factor in memory consolidation and brain health. In addition, sleep disorder is a common complaint among females in comparison with males. In menopausal females, to relieve sleep disturbances and other menopausal symptoms, hormone therapy may be used. Furthermore, although estrogen had helpful effects on the brain performance, hormone replacement therapy augmented unfavorable cardiovascular and oncological side effects. It is implied that exercise is a powerful nonpharmacological intervention that can develop the cognitive performances. The current study used the behavioral, physiological, and molecular evidence supporting these views.

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“…Wheel (82,83) Steroids Glucocorticoid Induction of cell proliferation in the dentate area by exercise is partly due to the downregulation of glucocorticoid/MR signaling, Treadmill (84) Estrogen Exercise increased cell proliferation even in ovariectomized (OVX) mice, although OVX rats decreased hippocampal BDNF expression. Wheel (85,86) Androgen An androgen receptor antagonist, flutamide, not orchiectomy, completely blocked exercise-stimulation of cell differentiation and survival. Treadmill (24) …”

Section: Bdnf As a Promotion Factor For Exercise-induced Ahnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mild exercise model for enhancement of hippocampal neurogenesis: A possible candidate for promotion of neurogenesis

Okamoto

Soya

2012

JPFSM

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The hippocampus is important for learning and memory. It is also one of the few regions in the adult mammalian brain that can generate new neurons (adult hippocampus neurogenesis, AHN). It is suggested that altered hippocampal neurogenesis, by stress or aging, is related to pathophysiology of mood disorders, such as depression. On the other hand, AHN is robustly stimulated by voluntary and treadmill running, and accumulating knowledge indicates that the beneficial effects of exercise on cognition and mental health may be mediated, at least in part, by exercised-induced AHN. Thus, it is important to elucidate the mechanisms underlying exercise-induced AHN. However, the mechanisms and exercise conditions (intensity and frequency etc.) that activate AHN are still undetermined. Since high-intensity exercise elicits a stress response, mild exercise without a stress response may be a useful model for increasing AHN. To address this hypothesis, we used treadmill running, which can be controlled for speed, and developed a mild-intensity treadmill exercise model below the lactate threshold (LT, about 20 m/min) and minimal stress response; the LT is a physiologic index of moderate exercise intensity established in rats, as in humans. Recently, we have demonstrated that mildintensity exercise enhances hippocampal neuronal activity, neurotrophic factors and neurogenesis. Therefore, a mild exercise model is shown that enhances cognitive functions, and further information, through mechanistic studies with the model, will be of benefit for developing effective exercise programs enhancing cognitive functions in humans, especially in vulnerable people with poor physical fitness.

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Voluntary exercise increases the new cell formation in the hippocampus of ovariectomized mice

Cited by 30 publications

References 20 publications

Differential Effects of Treadmill Exercise on Calretinin Immunoreactivity in Type 2 Diabetic Rats in Early and Chronic Diabetic Stages

Differential Effects of Treadmill Exercise on Calretinin Immunoreactivity in Type 2 Diabetic Rats in Early and Chronic Diabetic Stages

A Review of Protective Effects of Exercise on Cognitive Impairments Induced by Sleep Deprivation in Female Rats

Mild exercise model for enhancement of hippocampal neurogenesis: A possible candidate for promotion of neurogenesis

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