Voluntary action and causality in temporal binding

Cravo, André M.; Claessens, Patricia; Baldo, Marcus Vinícius C.

doi:10.1007/s00221-009-1969-0

Cited by 77 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Although the combination of voluntary action and visual sensory feedback was the same between the two conditions, the binding effect only emerged when the action was active and the finger had some kind of contact with the keyboard. This result is consistent with a previous study that found the intentional binding only emerged when the action was voluntary and causally connected to sensory feedback (Cravo et al 2009). However, because this previous study did not investigate other actions, the importance of the combination of voluntary action and contact with the keyboard in the two actions could not be determined.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Moreover, there was no difference in the reported time among the voluntary key-release, involuntary key-press, and involuntary key-release conditions. The temporal binding effect for a voluntary key-press supports the results of previous studies that found this voluntary action induced a robust compression effect (Buehner 2012; Haggard et al 2002;Engbert and Wohlschläger 2007;Engbert et al 2008;Cravo et al 2009;Humphreys and Buehner 2009;Moore et al 2013Moore et al , 2009Ebert and Wegner 2010;Caspar et al 2015). Moreover, different subjective estimations of time between key-press and keyrelease actions were also demonstrated here by comparing the voluntary/involuntary key-press and key-release actions (Zhao et al 2013(Zhao et al , 2014b.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Voluntary action and tactile sensory feedback in the intentional binding effect

Zhao

et al. 2016

Exp Brain Res

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The intentional binding effect refers to a subjective compression over a temporal interval between the start point initialized by a voluntary action and the endpoint signaled by an external sensory (visual or audio) feedback. The present study aimed to explore the influence of tactile sensory feedback on this binding effect by comparing voluntary key-press actions with voluntary key-release actions. In experiment 1, each participant was instructed to report the perceived interval (in ms) between an action and the subsequent visual sensory feedback. In this task, either the action (key-press or key-release) was voluntarily performed by the participant or a kinematically identical movement was passively applied to the left index finger of the participant. In experiment 2, we explored whether the difference in the perception of time was affected by the direction of action. In experiment 3, we developed an apparatus in which two parallel laser beams were generated by a laser emission unit and detected by a laser receiver unit; this allowed the movement of the left index finger to be detected without it touching a keyboard (i.e., without any tactile sensory feedback). Convergent results from all of the experiments showed that the temporal binding effect was only observed when the action was both voluntary and involved physical contact with the key, suggesting that the combination of intention and tactile sensory feedback, as a form of top-down processing, likely distracted attention from temporal events and caused the different binding effects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Voluntary action and tactile sensory feedback in the intentional binding effect

Zhao

et al. 2016

Exp Brain Res

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“…3C). The necessity of path 1 is clear from previous results (12,14), showing that intentional binding does not occur for involuntary movements.…”

Section: Exp 1: Involuntary Movementmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…This shift is compared with a baseline condition containing only a tone and no action. Importantly, involuntary movements are not sufficient to cause perceptual shifts of the tone, and a volitional signal appears necessary (12)(13)(14). A further control group of participants also judged the time of the tone following an involuntary movement, but had never experienced any association between involuntary and voluntary movement.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Extending experiences of voluntary action by association

Khalighinejad

Haggard

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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"Sense of agency" refers to the experience that links one's voluntary actions to their external outcomes. It remains unclear whether this ubiquitous experience is hardwired, arising from specific signals within the brain's motor systems, or rather depends on associative learning, through repeated cooccurrence of voluntary movements and their outcomes. To distinguish these two models, we asked participants to trigger a tone by a voluntary keypress action. The voluntary action was always associated with an involuntary movement of the other hand. We then tested whether the combination of the involuntary movement and tone alone might now suffice to produce a sense of agency, even when the voluntary action was omitted. Sense of agency was measured using an implicit marker based on time perception, namely a shift in the perceived time of the outcome toward the action that caused it. Across two experiments, repeatedly pairing an involuntary movement with a voluntary action induced key temporal features of agency, with the outcome now perceived as shifted toward the involuntary movement. This shift required involuntary movements to have been previously associated with voluntary actions. We show that some key aspects of agency may be transferred from voluntary actions to involuntary movements. An internal volitional signal is required for the primary acquisition of agency but, with repeated association, the involuntary movement in itself comes to produce some key temporal features of agency over the subsequent outcome. This finding may explain how humans can develop an enduring sense of agency in nonnatural cases, like brainmachine interfaces. I n a series of brilliant experiments, Roger Sperry switched the nerves for flexion of the rat hind leg with the nerves for extension. After that, whenever the bottom of the foot was injured, the rat extended the foot instead of flexing it. Rats never learned to lift up the paw, and "no adaptive functioning of the nervous system took place" (1). When the optic nerves of salamanders were cut, and the eyeball rotated 180°, salamanders saw upside down for the rest of their lives (2). These experiments suggested that key sensorimotor brain circuits are largely hardwired, and impervious to modification by experience."Sense of agency" refers to the capacity to control one's actions and, through them, the external world. Sense of agency is fundamental to instrumental and goal-directed actions, and forms the cornerstone of humans' astonishing capacity to change their physical and social environment (3). However, it remains unclear how the brain produces this distinctive and important subjective experience. Some recent results have linked the sense of agency to specific preparatory volitional signals in frontal (4) and parietal (5) areas, which then trigger voluntary motor commands passing through the "final common path" (6) of the primary motor cortex. Importantly, these "volitional signals" were generated well before the occurrence of both action and outcome, and were strongly correlated ...

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“…The sense of agency can be implicitly measured by the magnitude of apparent temporal compression between action and effect, the so-called intentional binding [23]. Strong intentional binding occurs with a strong sense of agency rating [7,24] and/or strong perception of causality [15,25,26]. We predicted that the additional-tones-induced reduction of grouping between action and its effect would result in a diminished sense of agency.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The sense of agency is action–effect causality perception based on cross-modal grouping

2013

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Sense of agency, the experience of controlling external events through one's actions, stems from contiguity between action-and effect-related signals.Here we show that human observers link their action-and effect-related signals using a computational principle common to cross-modal sensory grouping. We first report that the detection of a delay between tactile and visual stimuli is enhanced when both stimuli are synchronized with separate auditory stimuli (experiment 1). This occurs because the synchronized auditory stimuli hinder the potential grouping between tactile and visual stimuli. We subsequently demonstrate an analogous effect on observers' key press as an action and a sensory event. This change is associated with a modulation in sense of agency; namely, sense of agency, as evaluated by apparent compressions of action-effect intervals (intentional binding) or subjective causality ratings, is impaired when both participant's action and its putative visual effect events are synchronized with auditory tones (experiments 2 and 3). Moreover, a similar role of action -effect grouping in determining sense of agency is demonstrated when the additional signal is presented in the modality identical to an effect event (experiment 4). These results are consistent with the view that sense of agency is the result of general processes of causal perception and that cross-modal grouping plays a central role in these processes.

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Voluntary action and causality in temporal binding

Cited by 77 publications

References 16 publications

Voluntary action and tactile sensory feedback in the intentional binding effect

Voluntary action and tactile sensory feedback in the intentional binding effect

Extending experiences of voluntary action by association

The sense of agency is action–effect causality perception based on cross-modal grouping

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