Volumetric Measure of the Frontal and Temporal Lobe Regions in Schizophrenia

Sanfilipo, Michael; Lafargue, Todd; Rusinek, Henry; Arena, Luigi; Loneragan, Celia; Lautin, Andrew; Feiner, Deborah; Rotrosen, John; Wolkin, Adam

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.57.5.471

Cited by 266 publications

(174 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Although much of the methodology stayed constant between the current and previous studies, caution must be taken in interpreting results from combined studies that were performed at different times with differing methodologies. Sanfilipo et al (2000) also found an association between white matter volume and negative symptoms in schizophrenic subjects. They reported that the white matter reduction was most severe in the orbitofrontal region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Prefrontal cortex, negative symptoms, and schizophrenia: an MRI study

Wible

Anderson

Shenton

et al. 2001

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

185

100

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The present study measured prefrontal cortical gray and white matter volume in chronic, male schizophrenic subjects who were characterized by a higher proportion of mixed or negative symptoms than previous patients that we have evaluated. Seventeen chronic male schizophrenic subjects and 17 male control subjects were matched on age and handedness. Regions of interest (ROI) were measured using high-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) acquisitions consisting of contiguous 1.5-mm slices of the entire brain. No significant differences were found between schizophrenic and control subjects in mean values for prefrontal gray matter volume in either hemisphere. However, right prefrontal white matter was significantly reduced in the schizophrenic group. In addition, right prefrontal gray matter volume was significantly correlated with right hippocampal volume in the schizophrenic, but not in the control group. Furthermore, an analysis in which the current data were combined with those from a previous study showed that schizophrenic subjects with high negative symptom scores had significantly smaller bilateral white matter volumes than those with low negative symptom scores. White matter was significantly reduced in the right hemisphere in this group of schizophrenic subjects. Prefrontal volumes were also associated with negative symptom severity and with volumes of medial-temporal lobe regions -two results that were also found previously in schizophrenic subjects with mostly positive symptoms. These results underscore the importance of temporal-prefrontal pathways in the symptomatology of schizophrenia, and they suggest an association between prefrontal abnormalities and negative symptoms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Prefrontal cortex, negative symptoms, and schizophrenia: an MRI study

Wible

Anderson

Shenton

et al. 2001

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

185

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Previous MRI work reported smaller STG volume was associated with more positive symptoms in schizophrenia but that no significant correlations emerged among the SPD patients (Takahashi et al 2006a). Other work indicates prefrontal and temporal gray matter volume is unrelated to various clinical symptoms in schizophrenia while reduced white matter volume in these regions is associated with negative symptoms (Sanfilipo et al 2000). Differences in patient characteristics may explain these differing findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Cortical gray and white matter volume in unmedicated schizotypal and schizophrenia patients

Hazlett

Buchsbaum

Haznedar

et al. 2008

Schizophrenia Research

104

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Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies have revealed fronto-temporal cortical gray matter volume reductions in schizophrenia. However, whether age-and sex-matched unmedicated schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) patients share some or all of the structural brain-imaging characteristics of schizophrenia patients has not been studied. We examined cortical gray/white matter volumes in a large sample of unmedicated schizophrenia-spectrum patients (n=79 SPD, n=57 schizophrenia) and 148 healthy controls. MR images were reoriented to standard position parallel to the anterior-posterior commissure line, segmented into gray and white matter tissue types, and assigned to Brodmann areas (BAs) using a postmortem-histological atlas. Group differences in regional volume of gray and white matter in the BAs was examined with MANOVA. Schizophrenia patients had reduced gray matter volume widely across the cortex but more marked in frontal and temporal lobes. SPD patients had reductions in the same regions but only about half that observed in schizophrenia and sparing in key regions including BA10. In schizophrenia, greater frontotemporal volume loss was associated with greater negative symptom severity and in SPD, greater interpersonal and cognitive impairment. Overall, our findings suggest that increased prefrontal volume in BA10 and sparing of volume loss in temporal cortex (BAs 22 and 20) may be a protective factor in SPD which reduces vulnerability to psychosis.

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“…The literature has multiple reports of lower white matter volumes in schizophrenia compared with matched normal controls (Breier et al 1992;Buchanan et al 1998;Cannon et al 1998;Sanfilipo et al 2000;Bartzokis et al 2001). Technical factors may make such observations less likely in the usual axial analysis of the brain used in imaging studies if the differences are localized to frontal and association regions (Bartzokis et al 2001), the only areas where post mortem data indicates that myelination continues into adulthood (Yakovlev and Lecours 1967).…”

Section: Myelination and Brain Functional Synchronymentioning

confidence: 99%