Volumetric alterations in the nucleus accumbens and caudate nucleus in bulimia nervosa: A structural magnetic resonance imaging study

Coutinho, Joana; Ramos, Altina; Maia, Liliana; Castro, L.C.; Conceição, Eva; Geliebter, Allan; Machado, Paulo P. P.; Gonçalves, Óscar F.; Sampaio, Adriana

doi:10.1002/eat.22273

Cited by 32 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…26 Another study in BN suggested reduced caudate volume in the dorsal striatum but normal nucleus accumbens volume. 29 The studies in BN otherwise suggested normal or increased localized GM volume in orbitofrontal cortex and striatum. 8,27 A new study that investigated cortical thickness in BN found widespread brain surface volume reductions in frontal and temporo-parietal areas.…”

Section: Brain Volumementioning

confidence: 99%

Advances from neuroimaging studies in eating disorders

Frank

2015

CNS Spectr.

112

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Over the past decade brain imaging has helped better define eating disorder related brain circuitry. Brain research on gray and white matter volumes had been inconsistent, possibly due to the effects of acute starvation, exercise, medication and comorbidity, but newer studies controlled for such effects. Those studies suggest larger left medial orbitofrontal gyrus rectus volume in ill adult and adolescent anorexia nervosa after recovery from anorexia nervosa, and in adult bulimia nervosa. The orbitofrontal cortex is important in terminating food intake and altered function could contribute to self-starvation. The right insula, which processes taste but also interoception, was enlarged in ill adult and adolescent anorexia nervosa, as well as adults recovered from the illness. The fixed perception of being fat in anorexia nervosa could be related to altered insula function. A few studies investigated WM integrity, with the most consistent finding of reduced fornix integrity in anorexia and bulimia nervosa, a limbic pathway important in emotion but also food intake regulation. Functional brain imaging using basic sweet taste stimuli in eating disorders during the ill state or after recovery implicated repeatedly reward pathways, including insula and striatum. Brain imaging that targeted dopamine related brain activity using taste-reward conditioning tasks suggested that this circuitry is hypersensitive in anorexia nervosa, but hypo-responsive in bulimia nervosa and obesity. Those results are in line with basic research and suggest adaptive reward system changes in the human brain in response to extremes of food intake, changes that could interfere with normalization of eating behavior.

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Section: Brain Volumementioning

confidence: 99%

Advances from neuroimaging studies in eating disorders

Frank

2015

CNS Spectr.

112

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“…AN and BN patients show reduced gray matter volume specifically in SN regions including the caudate nucleus, anterior cingulate cortex and insula, among other areas (Schäfer et al, 2010; Friederich et al, 2012; Frank et al, 2013; Coutinho et al, 2015). On DTI, AN patients show abnormal thalamic connectivity to the dlPFC and anterior PFC (Frieling et al, 2012; Hayes et al, 2015), and reduced fractional anisotrophy in the medial dorsal thalamic radiations (Biezonski et al, 2015; Hayes et al, 2015).…”

Section: Abnormalities Of Sn-cstc Loop Circuits In Psychiatric Illnessesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortico-Striatal-Thalamic Loop Circuits of the Salience Network: A Central Pathway in Psychiatric Disease and Treatment

Peters

Dunlop

Downar³

2016

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

439

298

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The salience network (SN) plays a central role in cognitive control by integrating sensory input to guide attention, attend to motivationally salient stimuli and recruit appropriate functional brain-behavior networks to modulate behavior. Mounting evidence suggests that disturbances in SN function underlie abnormalities in cognitive control and may be a common etiology underlying many psychiatric disorders. Such functional and anatomical abnormalities have been recently apparent in studies and meta-analyses of psychiatric illness using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Of particular importance, abnormal structure and function in major cortical nodes of the SN, the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and anterior insula (AI), have been observed as a common neurobiological substrate across a broad spectrum of psychiatric disorders. In addition to cortical nodes of the SN, the network’s associated subcortical structures, including the dorsal striatum, mediodorsal thalamus and dopaminergic brainstem nuclei, comprise a discrete regulatory loop circuit. The SN’s cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical loop increasingly appears to be central to mechanisms of cognitive control, as well as to a broad spectrum of psychiatric illnesses and their available treatments. Functional imbalances within the SN loop appear to impair cognitive control, and specifically may impair self-regulation of cognition, behavior and emotion, thereby leading to symptoms of psychiatric illness. Furthermore, treating such psychiatric illnesses using invasive or non-invasive brain stimulation techniques appears to modulate SN cortical-subcortical loop integrity, and these effects may be central to the therapeutic mechanisms of brain stimulation treatments in many psychiatric illnesses. Here, we review clinical and experimental evidence for abnormalities in SN cortico-striatal-thalamic loop circuits in major depression, substance use disorders (SUD), anxiety disorders, schizophrenia and eating disorders (ED). We also review emergent therapeutic evidence that novel invasive and non-invasive brain stimulation treatments may exert therapeutic effects by normalizing abnormalities in the SN loop, thereby restoring the capacity for cognitive control. Finally, we consider a series of promising directions for future investigations on the role of SN cortico-striatal-thalamic loop circuits in the pathophysiology and treatment of psychiatric disorders.

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“…For example, studies based on voxel-based morphometry (VBM) from MRI images have associated BN with increased grey matter volume (GMV) in the medial orbitalfrontal cortex and the ventral striatum [4], as well as in the insula [5], lingual gyri and inferior parietal lobule [6]. These and other studies also found reduced GMV in caudate and putamen [5,7], bilateral medial frontal, precentral gyri, right postcentral gyrus, left superior (SFG) and inferior frontal gyri [6]. Some brain structural studies have found cortical abnormalities in BN, such as reduced cortical thickness in the bilateral frontal, temporal and parietal lobes, negtively related to the severity of BN symptoms [8]; and reduced cortical thickness in the right pars triangularis, right superior parietal and left dorsal posterior cingulate cortices as well as greater cortical thickness in the left ventral posterior cingulate cortex [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Altered regional gray matter volume in Chinese female patients with bulimia nervosa

Liu

Wang

et al. 2020

BMC Psychiatry

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Background: Bulimia nervosa (BN) is a psychiatric disorder with unclear pathophysiology. Several studies have associated BN with structural and functional changes in the brain, but findings have been inconsistent. Here we explored this potential association in a small group of Chinese women with BN. Methods: This retrospective study examined 34 women with BN and 34 age-matched healthy controls, all of whom underwent T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Voxel-based morphometry was carried out to explore alterations in regional grey matter volume (GMV) that may be associated with BN. Results: The BN group showed smaller GMV in the left medial superior frontal gyrus (SFGmed.L), right superior temporal gyrus (STG.R), right median cingulate and paracingulate gyri (DCG.R), left median cingulate and paracingulate gyri (DCG.L) and left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus (SFGdor.L). No regions showing GMV increases in BN were identified. The GMV reduction did not correlate with body mass index, duration of illness, or patients' self-esteem or overall self-evaluation. GMV reduction correlated negatively with age in the SFGmed. L

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Volumetric alterations in the nucleus accumbens and caudate nucleus in bulimia nervosa: A structural magnetic resonance imaging study

Abstract: These findings suggest a contributory role of the caudate nucleus part of the dorsal striatum in the psychopathology of BN.

Cited by 32 publications

References 46 publications

Advances from neuroimaging studies in eating disorders

Advances from neuroimaging studies in eating disorders

Cortico-Striatal-Thalamic Loop Circuits of the Salience Network: A Central Pathway in Psychiatric Disease and Treatment

Altered regional gray matter volume in Chinese female patients with bulimia nervosa

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