Volume explored by a branching random walk on general graphs

The concealed voter model is in the voter model universality class

“…( 17) it follows that the two Z-factors are equal, Z χ = Z s , yielding the renormalisation of the coupling s entirely driven by the renormalisation of χ. It is noteworthy that the renormalisation of this pair of couplings satisfies the Ward identity [12]…”

“…This carrying capacity implements the fermionic nature of opinions and may be set to c = 1. However, it is useful to parametrise this excluded volume constraint as it is the only interaction that keeps the spreading of particles at bay [11][12][13]. The first term in Eq.…”

“…As in the VM, the interaction between two competing opinions can be represented by the interactions between particles and empty spaces. The particles in the two layers may be considered two distinct species, namely, mobile particles with occupation numbers {m} and immobile particles with occupation numbers {n} [11,12].…”

“…The couplings τ 1 and τ 2 are commonly referred to as transmutations [11,12], as they provide causal correlations between fields of different species. This terminology may lead to confusion though, if one thinks of particles in one species changing into the other species.…”