Volume expansion of albumin, gelatin, hydroxyethyl starch, saline and erythrocytes after haemorrhage in the rat

Abstract

Albumin 5% was a more effective plasma volume expander than gelatin and HES. Saline, with a four times larger volume, and erythrocytes in about 1/3 of the volume had a similar volume-expanding effect to gelatin and HES.

Plasma volume expansion of 5% albumin, 4% gelatin, 6% HES 130/0.4, and normal saline under increased microvascular permeability in the rat

“…Differences in venous pressure, however, cannot explain the difference in plasma expansion between the groups as the better the plasma expansion of the solution the higher the venous pressure. The fact that central venous pressures measured in 4 separate rats given the best plasma expander albumin did not increase to values above normal (see Results) also indicate that a difference in venous pressure cannot explain the difference between plasma expansion in the present and the previous study [27]. Nor can the difference in Hb explain the difference in plasma expansion between the 2 studies, as experimental studies have shown that plasma leakage is lower at a high than at a lowered Hb [28], and the Hb values were higher in the present study than in our previous study.…”

“…Thus, the blood pressure in the present study was 5-10 mmHg lower after infusion of the plasma expander and 15-20 mmHg lower at end of the experiments (Table 2 and ref 27). If blood pressure is a factor influencing transcapillary fluid loss as discussed above, the lower blood pressure have saved plasma in the present study compared to the previous study [27]. Thus, also this factor means that the effect of permeability on plasma volume leakage, if anything, is underrated when making a direct comparison between the 2 studies.…”

“…The plasma volume expanders analysed in the present study have been examined in the rat previously in our laboratory but under the condition of normal permeability [27]. In that study, blood volume was reduced before the infusion by a standardized haemorrhage of 16 ml/kg, a reduction in plasma volume of about the same magnitude as that obtained by the dextran infusion in the present study.…”

Post‐operative volume therapy in cardiac surgery: effects on hemostatic and circulatory variables

“…Some trials have reported that HES is superior to albumin or gelatin solutions (Palumbo et al 2006, Kuitunen et al 2007. In an experimental model of hemorrhagic shock, the hemodynamic effect was better with HES than with crystalloid solutions (Persson and Grande 2005). The amount of crystalloid needed to maintain similar hemodynamics was greater than that of HES (Lang et al 2001).…”

“…Several studies have demonstrated stable hemodynamics to be associated with the use of albumin in experimental (Persson and Grande 2005) and clinical studies (Karanko et al 1987, Kuitunen et al 2007). In comparison with synthetic colloids, no differences were observable in cardiac performance after the postoperative administration of HES or albumin solutions (Moggio et al 1983, Kirklin et al 1984, London et al 1989, Mastroianni et al 1994.…”