Volume Change Measurements of Rice by Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy and Stereoscopy

Abstract

The measurement of volume change, which is induced by changing the relative humidity, is performed on rice by using environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) and stereoscopy techniques. The typical DeltaV% approximately RH curve of rice in both sorption and desorption can be categorized into three regions: low, intermediate, and high dependence on relative humidity from low- to high-relative humidity. The volume changes faster for rice samples with lower crystallinity, which is because the amorphous component is easier to absorb moisture than the crystalline component. The volume change behavior in various relative humidity environments is comparable with rice isotherm curve in sorption process though discrepancies exist in desorption, which are thought to be the presence of small pores and microstructure changes at high relative humidity. The volume in the desorption branch is less than that in the sorption branch at the same relative humidity, which can be attributed to the collapse of interior structures, existence of small pores, surface topography loss, and amylose leach.

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“…So far, only a few ESEM images of starchy specimens can be found in the literature. In particular, the technique was used to characterize the pores on the surface of starch granules [49], the effect of milling on rice grains [50] and wheat endosperm [51,52], as well as the effect of relative humidity on the volume change in rice powders [53] and starch surfaces [54]. From "c" to "e", the pressure of humid air was decreased, resulting in the drying of the granule: c) the granule is soaked and droplets of liquid water can be seen; d) the granule is hydrated with visible traces of humidity; e) the granule is under high vacuum.…”

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