Voltammetric study of the reaction of the 2-cyanophenoxide anion with carbon dioxide in dimethylformamide

Comparative solubilisation of potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate in hot dimethylformamide: application of cylindrical particle surface-controlled dissolution theory

“…It is known that the UV-visible spectrum of a 0.1 mM solution of potassium 2-cyanophenolate in DMF displays the phenolate absorption peak at 359 nm with an absorbance of 0.898. 35 The molar extiction coefficient, e, for this peak was calculated by using the Beer-Lambert law to be 8980 mol À1 dm 3 cm À1 . 30 The absorbance of this peak was analysed over time after the addition of 2-cyanophenol to NaHCO 3 /DMF and Na 2 CO 3 /DMF solutions after predissolution ultrasound times of 2 hours at 100 1C.…”

Heterogeneous Kinetics of the Dissolution of an Inorganic Salt, Potassium Carbonate, in an Organic Solvent, Dimethylformamide

“…This wave can be attributed to the irreversible reduction of 2-cyanophenol to form the radical anion, which is consistent with previous studies of the reduction of 2-cyanophenol in DMF at room temperature and elevated temperatures up to 100 °C at gold microdisk electrodes. As shown in Scheme , the radical anion formed on reduction is rapidly protonated by the parent molecule, the rate constant for which was found to be ≥1 × 10 7 M -1 s -1 , and hence the net number of electrons per cyanophenol reduced is approximately one-half. , Previously reported ESR studies on 2-cyanophenol have given evidence that the protonated radical formed in Scheme undergoes further reactions generating other radical species 2 Reaction Scheme for the Electrochemical Reduction of 2-Cyanophenol …”

“…The dissolved solid deprotonates the 2-cyanophenol to produce the 2-cyanophenolate anion, which is detected spectroscopically. The UV/visible spectrum of a 0.1 mM solution of potassium 2-cyanophenolate in DMF is known to display the phenolate absorption peak at 358 nm with an absorbance of 0.764 mol 2 dm -6 . The absorbance of this peak was analyzed over the reaction time for the addition of 2-cyanophenol to K 2 CO 3 solutions after predissolution ultrasound times of 2 to 3 h at elevated temperatures, and the concentration of 2-cyanophenolate formed at each reaction time was determined.…”

“…33,34 Previously reported ESR studies on 2-cyanophenol have given evidence that the protonated radical formed in Scheme 2 undergoes further reactions generating other radical species. 35 Solid K 2 CO 3 (0.025 g) was added to the 5 mM 2-cyanophenol solution at 80 °C, and 0.012 g of K 2 CO 3 was added to that at 100 °C. The voltammetric response for the 2-cyanophenol/ radical anion reduction wave was measured 1 min after the addition and subsequently over a 40-min time period at 80 °C and for 90 min at 100 °C, and the resulting responses are overlaid in Figure 2a and b.…”

Experimental and Theoretical Study of the Surface-Controlled Dissolution of Cylindrical Particles. Application to Solubilization of Potassium Hydrogen Carbonate in Hot Dimethylformamide

“…Dissolution of Cylindrical KHCO 3 Particles in DMF. The dissolution of KHCO 3 in DMF at elevated temperatures was followed by employing a strategy reported previously, whereby the dissolved solid deprotonates the 2-cyanophenol to produce the 2-cyanophenolate anion that is detected spectroscopically. , The absorption peak of 2-cyanophenolate occurs at a wavelength of 358 nm with an absorbance of 0.764 mol 2 dm -6 , and it was analyzed over time after the addition of 2-cyanophenol to KHCO 3 /DMF solutions at elevated temperatures. The concentration of 2-cyanophenolate formed at each reaction time was determined from the Beer−Lambert Law, and taking a 1:1 mole ratio of 2-cyanophenolate produced to KHCO 3 reacted (Scheme ), the number of moles of KHCO 3 remaining in solution at each time was calculated.…”