Abstract:Biochar is a charcoal produced from the biomass pyrolysis process that presents a highly porous and functionalized surface. In the present work an array of carbon paste electrodes (CPE) made of different forms of carbon (graphite, carbon nanotubes and activated biochar) was evaluated in the development of an electronic tongue for discrimination and stripping voltammetric determination of catechol (CAT), 4‐ethylcatechol (4‐EC) and 4‐ethylguaiacol (4‐EG) phenolic compounds. Morphological characterization of carb… Show more
“…Nevertheless, the accuracy of this prediction was slightly lower than that observed using random forest (R 2 = 0.996, MSE = 0.0012). Previous studies [28,29] showed that the use of FNN as a data regression method in the development of sensors based on electrochemical measurements provided prediction results with high precision. However, to the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to predict the concentration of a compound using key features from multimodal data (ECL imaging and amperograms) into a single FNN.…”
Understanding relationships among multimodal data extracted from a smartphone-based electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor is crucial for the development of low-cost point-of-care diagnostic devices. In this work, artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms such as random forest (RF) and feedforward neural network (FNN) are used to quantitatively investigate the relationships between the concentration of Ru ( bpy ) 3 2 + luminophore and its experimentally measured ECL and electrochemical data. A smartphone-based ECL sensor with Ru ( bpy ) 3 2 + /TPrA was developed using disposable screen-printed carbon electrodes. ECL images and amperograms were simultaneously obtained following 1.2-V voltage application. These multimodal data were analyzed by RF and FNN algorithms, which allowed the prediction of Ru ( bpy ) 3 2 + concentration using multiple key features. High correlation (0.99 and 0.96 for RF and FNN, respectively) between actual and predicted values was achieved in the detection range between 0.02 µM and 2.5 µM. The AI approaches using RF and FNN were capable of directly inferring the concentration of Ru ( bpy ) 3 2 + using easily observable key features. The results demonstrate that data-driven AI algorithms are effective in analyzing the multimodal ECL sensor data. Therefore, these AI algorithms can be an essential part of the modeling arsenal with successful application in ECL sensor data modeling.
“…Nevertheless, the accuracy of this prediction was slightly lower than that observed using random forest (R 2 = 0.996, MSE = 0.0012). Previous studies [28,29] showed that the use of FNN as a data regression method in the development of sensors based on electrochemical measurements provided prediction results with high precision. However, to the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to predict the concentration of a compound using key features from multimodal data (ECL imaging and amperograms) into a single FNN.…”
Understanding relationships among multimodal data extracted from a smartphone-based electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor is crucial for the development of low-cost point-of-care diagnostic devices. In this work, artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms such as random forest (RF) and feedforward neural network (FNN) are used to quantitatively investigate the relationships between the concentration of Ru ( bpy ) 3 2 + luminophore and its experimentally measured ECL and electrochemical data. A smartphone-based ECL sensor with Ru ( bpy ) 3 2 + /TPrA was developed using disposable screen-printed carbon electrodes. ECL images and amperograms were simultaneously obtained following 1.2-V voltage application. These multimodal data were analyzed by RF and FNN algorithms, which allowed the prediction of Ru ( bpy ) 3 2 + concentration using multiple key features. High correlation (0.99 and 0.96 for RF and FNN, respectively) between actual and predicted values was achieved in the detection range between 0.02 µM and 2.5 µM. The AI approaches using RF and FNN were capable of directly inferring the concentration of Ru ( bpy ) 3 2 + using easily observable key features. The results demonstrate that data-driven AI algorithms are effective in analyzing the multimodal ECL sensor data. Therefore, these AI algorithms can be an essential part of the modeling arsenal with successful application in ECL sensor data modeling.
“…For both electrochemical techniques a typical three electrode circuit was used. In the used assembly it can be found: the working electrode based on a graphite epoxy composite (electrode already optimized in our laboratory [ 39 , 40 , 41 ]), an Ag/AgCl (0.1 mol·L −1 KCl) electrode as a reference and a Pt electrode as a counter. All measurements were carried out at room temperature without stirring using as an electrolyte solution phosphate buffer 50 mmol·L −1 + KCl 100 mmol·L −1 at pH 7.4.…”
Graphene and its derivates offer a wide range of possibilities in the electroanalysis field, mainly owing to their biocompatibility, low-cost, and easy tuning. This work reports the development of an enzymatic biosensor using reduced graphene oxide (RGO) as a key nanomaterial for the detection of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs). RGO was obtained from the electrochemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO), an intermediate previously synthesized in the laboratory by a wet chemistry top-down approach. The extensive characterization of this material was carried out to evaluate its proper inclusion in the biosensor arrangement. The results demonstrated the presence of GO or RGO and their correct integration on the sensor surface. The detection of CECs was carried out by modifying the graphene platform with a laccase enzyme, turning the sensor into a more selective and sensitive device. Laccase was linked covalently to RGO using the remaining carboxylic groups of the reduction step and the carbodiimide reaction. After the calibration and characterization of the biosensor versus catechol, a standard laccase substrate, EDTA and benzoic acid were detected satisfactorily as inhibiting agents of the enzyme catalysis obtaining inhibition constants for EDTA and benzoic acid of 25 and 17 mmol·L−1, respectively, and a maximum inhibition percentage of the 25% for the EDTA and 60% for the benzoic acid.
“…The reason is based not only on the procedure of the preparation, but also on the fact that the demand of the mixed modifier in the preparation of carbon-paste electrodes is easier and lower than that of screen-printed electrodes. Kalinke et al, have carried out several works regarding the preparation of carbon-paste electrodes by mixing biochar as the modifier [ 33 , 34 ]. For example, their recent work involved the preparation of biochar by pyrolysis of a castor cake waste biomass at 400 °C [ 34 ].…”
Section: The Role Of Biochar In the Fabrication Of Electrochemical Se...mentioning
In the context of accelerating the global realization of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization, biochar produced from biomass feedstock via a pyrolysis process has been more and more focused on by people from various fields. Biochar is a carbon-rich material with good properties that could be used as a carrier, a catalyst, and an absorbent. Such properties have made biochar a good candidate as a base material in the fabrication of electrochemical sensors or biosensors, like carbon nanotube and graphene. However, the study of the applications of biochar in electrochemical sensing technology is just beginning; there are still many challenges to be conquered. In order to better carry out this research, we reviewed almost all of the recent papers published in the past 5 years on biochar-based electrochemical sensors and biosensors. This review is different from the previously published review papers, in which the types of biomass feedstock, the preparation methods, and the characteristics of biochar were mainly discussed. First, the role of biochar in the fabrication of electrochemical sensors and biosensors is summarized. Then, the analytes determined by means of biochar-based electrochemical sensors and biosensors are discussed. Finally, the perspectives and challenges in applying biochar in electrochemical sensors and biosensors are provided.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.