Voltammetric Determination of 5-nitroindazole using a Bismuth Bulk Electrode

Differential Pulse Voltammetric Determination of 2‐Methyl‐4,6‐Dinitrophenol using Bismuth Bulk Electrode

“…The liquid metal was sucked into the tube by moving the piston of the syringe out while the contact wire was pulled in. After cooling, the syringe was removed, and the electrode surface was polished by sandpaper with a decreasing grit size (P400‐P2000) to obtain satisfactory smooth surface . Thus prepared BiBE was polished by alumina suspension (grain size of 0.05 μm) at the beginning of daily measurements to make the surface more smooth, to remove possibly formed bismuth oxides and possibly adsorbed organic compounds.…”

“…The potentiostat was controlled by the NOVA 2.1 software (all from Metrohm Autolab, Switzerland). The Ag j AgCl j 3 mol · L À 1 KCl was used as a reference electrode, a glassy carbon rod with 2 mm diameter as an auxiliary electrode, and the BiBE in the form of disk with 3 mm diameter fabricated in our laboratory [37] was used as the working electrode.…”

“…BiBEs are the simplest type of bismuth electrodes. They were prepared by introducing melting bismuth into a glass tube, then breaking the tube to obtain a bismuth rod or keeping the tube as an electrode body . Also, BiBEs can be made as metal bismuth disk‐shaped electrodes .…”

“…Two well developed DPV peaks were observed at both electrodes the position of which depends on pH. However, fears of mercury toxicity prompted us to investigate the application of simple BiBE developed in our laboratory [37] for DPV determination of MDNP.…”

“…These sensors are easily fabricated with fairly homogeneous surface and can be easily regenerated and rapidly polished. Their biggest disadvantages are connected with the possibility of their oxidation by atmospheric oxygen, their limited potential window in comparison with mercury electrodes, limited pH range in which they can be applied, and sometimes problems with passivation common to most solid electrodes . However, these drawbacks do not prevent the application of BiBE for easily reducible organic nitro compounds .…”