Voltage reduction due to reverse power flow in distribution feeder with photovoltaic system

Iioka, Daisuke; Fujii, T.; Orihara, Dai; Tanaka, Toshio; Harimoto, Tetsuo; Shimada, Akihiko; Goto, Taichi; Kubuki, Mamoru

doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.05.059

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…One major challenge is the difficulty of maintaining voltage regulation, especially in scenarios where high voltage is generated by reversed power flow. This phenomenon is observed when the power generated by intermittent PVDGs exceeds the power consumption of the load on the feeder [9,10]. Such a situation can create complexities in the efficient management of the PDG.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Coordinated Voltage Regulation Algorithm of a Power Distribution Grid with Multiple Photovoltaic Distributed Generators Based on Active Power Curtailment and On-Line Tap Changer

et al. 2023

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The aim of this research is to manage the voltage of an active distribution grid with a low X/R ratio and multiple Photovoltaic Distributed Generators (PVDGs) operating under varying conditions. This is achieved by providing a methodology for coordinating three voltage-based controllers implementing an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). The first controller is for the On-Line Tap Changer (OLTC), which computes its adequate voltage reference. Whereas the second determines the required Active Power Curtailment (APC) setpoint for PVDG units with the aim of regulating the voltage magnitude and preventing continuous tap operation (the hunting problem) of OLTC. Finally, the last component is an auxiliary controller designed for reactive power adjustment. Its function is to manage voltage at the Common Coupling Point (CCP) within the network. This regulation not only aids in preventing undue stress on the OLTC but also contributes to a modest reduction in active power generated by PVDGs. The algorithm coordinating between these three controllers is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK and tested on a modified IEEE 33-bus power distribution grid (PDG). The results revealed the efficacy of the adopted algorithm in regulating voltage magnitudes in all buses compared to the traditional control method.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Coordinated Voltage Regulation Algorithm of a Power Distribution Grid with Multiple Photovoltaic Distributed Generators Based on Active Power Curtailment and On-Line Tap Changer

et al. 2023

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“…In the distribution system, the problem of voltage fluctuation is significant. It has been pointed out that the increase in reverse power flow causes large fluctuations in the voltage on the customer side, and the problem of maintaining the supply voltage within an appropriate range has been identified [5,6].…”

Section: Introduction 1background and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Appropriate Volt–Var Curve Settings for PV Inverters Based on Distribution Network Characteristics Using Match Rate of Operating Point

et al. 2022

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This paper describes the process of setting up an appropriate volt–var curve for the reactive power control of a photovoltaic (PV) inverter interconnected to a distribution line that is voltage controlled by a load ratio control transformer (LRT). Computer simulations with 360 patterns of volt–var curves applied to five actual distribution line models are presented. The number of patterns was narrowed down to 23 by using voltage, distribution-line loss, number of LRT tap operations, and a new evaluation index, the match ratio. When a power-factor constraint is imposed on the PV inverter, it may not output the reactive power according to the volt–var curve depending on the active power output. The match rate is an index to show the percentage of the operating points of the PV inverter that conform with the volt–var curve. By evaluating the match rate, it can be demonstrated if the PV inverter efficiently contributes to the voltage control, which greatly contributes to narrowing of the volt–var curve. It is demonstrated that the volt–var curve obtained using the proposed method is superior in terms of voltage controllability, distribution line losses, and the number of LRT tap controls.

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“…A more recent study distinguishes between voltage increasing and voltage decreasing of a power system with PV reverse flow which depends on the impedance of the line and the PV system power factor 6] (Iioka et al, 2019). It is proposed by [7] to utilize impedance measurements of the distance relays for monitoring power system loading and PV system power penetration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of PV generation and load types on the impedance relays during both balanced and unbalanced faults

Kamel¹,

Abdullah

2021

JER is an international, peer-reviewed journal that publishes f

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Photovoltaic (PV) power generation and the types of connected loads both have an effect on protective impedance relays’ readings. This paper investigates this effect in a real distribution system installed in the State of Kuwait. It is found that, both the dynamic loads and the PV plants have considerable effects in the relay impedance value which vary according to the load type, PV connection and fault locationplace. Both single phase to ground fault (unsymmetrical fault) and three phase fault (symmetrical fault) are investigated. When single line to ground fault occurs at the PV bus (far from relay location), the dynamic loads increase the relay impedance while the PV plant decreases the relay impedance. When a single phase to ground fault occurs at the relay bus (load bus), the dynamic load decreases the relay impedance and the PV plant increases it. For a three-phase to ground fault at the relay bus, both dynamic load percentages and PV plant power generation have no effect on the protective relay impedance readings. At this condition, the relay impedance totally depends on the fault resistance. The main finding of this paper is that both the load type (especially dynamic load) and the PV plant have dominant effects on the protective impedance relay reading and setting. The distribution system planners and operators must consider the PV plant and types of load during designing, setting and adjusting the protective impedance relays. The most important point in this paper is considering real case study. This means that, the obtained results are more realistic than the assumed system in the other research. If the fault occurs at the location of the PV system’s bus when no PV power is generated, the dynamic load causes the relay impedance to increase, while connecting the PV decreases the relay impedance. The relay’s resistance and reactance increase from 0.3153Ω and 1.4950Ω, to 0.3456Ω and 1.6617Ω respectively when the dynamic load increases from 25% to 90% of the total load at constant high fault resistance. The relay resistance and reactance decrease from 0.2849Ω and 0.3443Ω (without PV plant), to 0.2195Ω and 0.3137Ω (with PV), respectively. When the dynamic load percentage increases from 25% to 90%, the resistance and reactance of the relay decrease from 1.0488Ω and 0.0051Ω, to 0.9526Ω and 0.0008Ω, respectively. This phenomenon is valid for all expected fault resistances. When considering constant dynamic load percentage and constant fault resistance, the relay resistance and reactance increase from 1.375Ω and 0.0022Ω (without PV) to 1.5745Ω and 0.0726 Ω (with PV), respectively. Based on those results, the impedance relay setting must be adjusted according to the percentage of the dynamic loads percentage, the PV penetration level, and the fault location.

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Voltage reduction due to reverse power flow in distribution feeder with photovoltaic system

Cited by 17 publications

References 24 publications

A Coordinated Voltage Regulation Algorithm of a Power Distribution Grid with Multiple Photovoltaic Distributed Generators Based on Active Power Curtailment and On-Line Tap Changer

A Coordinated Voltage Regulation Algorithm of a Power Distribution Grid with Multiple Photovoltaic Distributed Generators Based on Active Power Curtailment and On-Line Tap Changer

Appropriate Volt–Var Curve Settings for PV Inverters Based on Distribution Network Characteristics Using Match Rate of Operating Point

The impact of PV generation and load types on the impedance relays during both balanced and unbalanced faults

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