“…[3][4][5] In order to overcome the limitations of conventional CMOS-based devices, various materials based non-volatile resistive switching (RS) memristors (e.g., Pr 0.7 Ca 0.3 MnO 3 , 6 ferromagnetic material, 7 etc.) and volatile threshold switch (TS) memristors (e.g., BiOX, 8 N-doped TiO 2 , 9 VO 2 , 10,11 NbO 2 , 12,13 etc.) have been recently developed to simulate the LIF behavior of neurons.…”