Voltage control method using modified voltage droop control in LV distribution system

Reactive Power Management in Islanded Microgrid—Proportional Power Sharing in Hierarchical Droop Control

“…In order to fulfill condition (10) the additional value of reactive power ∆Q k has to be added to value of unlimited case Q uk for each unlimited converter. It is defined by (13) and depends on sum of active power of limited converters Ps L , sum of reactive power of limited converters Qs L , total active and reactive powers P L and Q L , reactive power value of unlimited case Qu k and auxiliary…”

Universal active and reactive power control of electronically interfaced distributed generation sources in virtual power plants operating in grid‐connected and islanding modes

“…For a medium transmission line and symmetric network, we have transmission line constants A, B and D as A = D =| (ZY/2) + 1|sα, β = ζ sθ, where 'α' and 'θ' are angles related to the transmission line constants 'D' and 'B', respectively. Substituting the values of 'D' and 'B' in (10) and solving for real and imaginary parts of (10), we have active and reactive powers at the sending end of the transmission line, which are given as…”

“…† Owing to the difference in resistance to reactance (R/X ) ratio for HV, MV and LV levels, the conventional P-Q control techniques are not applicable. Table 1 [10] provides the R/X ratio of the transmission line with respect to the voltage.…”