Voltage associated with spontaneous embryonic motility in the developing chicken: An automated characterization during mid-late embryogenesis

Bollweg, George; Sparber, Sheldon B.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2302(199901)34:1<5::aid-dev3>3.0.co;2-f

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 28 publications

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“…Activity increased E9 -E12 and de-creased E15-E18; pause duration decreased primarily between E9 and E12, followed by smaller incremental decreases E12-E18; and percent activity peaked E12-E15, then dropped to lowest levels E18. [However, Bollweg and Sparber (1999), using electrophysiological methods, reported increases in activity between E12 and E18.] Overall, control embryos appeared less active than observed by Hamburger and colleagues (Hamburger et al 1965;Oppenheim 1975).…”

Section: Age-specific Transformations In Temporal Distribution Of Limmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Related Changes and Condition-Dependent Modifications in Distribution of Limb Movements During Embryonic Motility

Bradley

2001

Journal of Neurophysiology

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It has long been known that the chick initiates spontaneous motility early in embryogenesis, that the distribution of this activity is episodic, and that it varies both quantitatively and qualitatively with age. It is also well established that embryonic motility is controlled by spinal circuits and features of motility at early stages of development are likely the product of immature network properties. Over the course of embryonic development, however, the episodic distribution of motility becomes more variable. Because we are interested in determining whether movement experience in ovo is fundamental to the establishment of adaptive posthatching behaviors, this study examines the normal within-subject variability of episodic activity in embryos across ages under control and several experimental conditions. The distribution of activity, pause, and episode duration was obtained from video recordings of embryos prepared for electromyographic (EMG) and/or kinematic studies of motility in ovo at select ages (E9, E10, E12, E15, E18) under control conditions (control), acute reduction in buoyancy (ARB), ankle restraint (AR), thoracic spinal transection (spinal). Both control and ARB embryos exhibited significant age-related changes in the distribution of motility. Activity duration progressively increased with age and largely accounted for age-related increases in the variability of episodic behavior. Pause duration decreased markedly between E9 and E12 and did not appear to be a critical parameter in accounting for age-related changes in motility distribution. Activity duration was significantly lengthened in ARB embryos and decreased in spinal embryos. Pause duration was selectively lengthened in AR embryos. Collectively, age-related changes and selective effects of experimental preparations suggest that activity and pause duration are controlled by different mechanisms that operate independent of one another by E12. The results also suggest that the spinal network controlling motility becomes increasingly dependent on excitatory drive from supraspinal centers between E9 and E18. It is proposed that age-related increases in activity duration variability and condition-dependent effects on the distribution of activity are indicative of changing inputs weights for descending and sensory pathways and that they significantly impact spinal control of motility as the embryo's movement and posture are increasingly constrained by the fixed volume of the egg.

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Section: Age-specific Transformations In Temporal Distribution Of Limmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Related Changes and Condition-Dependent Modifications in Distribution of Limb Movements During Embryonic Motility

Bradley

2001

Journal of Neurophysiology

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The effects of rearing temperature on developmental stability and learning and memory in the honey bee, Apis mellifera

et al. 2005

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Honey bee workers maintain the brood nest of their colony within a narrow temperature range of 34.5+/-1.5 degrees C, implying that there are significant fitness costs if brood is reared outside the normal range. However, the effects of abnormal incubation temperatures are subtle and not well documented. Here we show that short-term learning and memory abilities of adult workers are affected by the temperature they experienced during pupal development. In contrast, long-term learning and memory is not significantly affected by rearing temperature. Furthermore, we could detect no effects of incubation temperature on fluctuating asymmetry, as a measure of developmental stability, in workers, queens or drones. We conclude that the most important consequence of abnormal rearing temperatures are subtle neural deficiencies affecting short-term memory rather than physical abnormalities.

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Selective Effects of Light Exposure on Distribution of Motility in the Chick Embryo at E18

Bradley

Jahng

2003

Journal of Neurophysiology

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It is well established that orderly patterns of motor neuron activity, muscle recruitment, and limb movement are generated in chicks during motility by embryonic day (E)9, the midpoint in embryonic development. However, our recent work suggests that some attributes of motility, such as the rhythm of repetitive limb movements and distribution of activity, become less orderly after E9. In this study, we extend these observations by performing continuous force recordings over a 24-h period in ovo at E18 with augmented sampling of synchronized video and electromyogram (EMG) recordings. We report the distribution of three repetitive behaviors, rapid limb movement, respiratory-like movement, and beak clapping, identified in force recordings, and the general distribution of motility. We also test a model recently proposed to account for age-related changes in motility parameters. In the model, we proposed that circadian networks contribute to the age-related changes in distribution of motility. As a first test of this hypothesis, we examine whether light exposure contributes to the variable distribution of motility by comparing motility parameters at E18 for embryos incubated and tested under either a 12-h light/dark cycle or continuous light. Results suggest that exposure to light increases the total amount of activity and hastens the onset of extended respiratory-like movement sequences but does not impact expression of repetitive limb movement or beak clapping at E18. The possible influence of circadian mechanisms on embryonic behavior and insensitivity of repetitive limb movements to light exposure are discussed.

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Voltage associated with spontaneous embryonic motility in the developing chicken: An automated characterization during mid-late embryogenesis

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

Age-Related Changes and Condition-Dependent Modifications in Distribution of Limb Movements During Embryonic Motility

Age-Related Changes and Condition-Dependent Modifications in Distribution of Limb Movements During Embryonic Motility

The effects of rearing temperature on developmental stability and learning and memory in the honey bee, Apis mellifera

Selective Effects of Light Exposure on Distribution of Motility in the Chick Embryo at E18

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