Volt/var/THD control in distribution networks considering reactive power capability of solar energy conversion

A Stochastic Programming to Volt/VAR/Total Harmonic Distortion Control in Distribution Networks Including Wind Turbines

“…The value of any generations suggests the start time of each time interval (t s l ). The number of time intervals is chosen 4, and a GA is employed to determine the start time of each time interval [19]. The start time of each interval can be obtained from minimizing the fitness function F(ϑ).…”

“…The amount of RMS voltage improvement not only relies on fundamental voltage but also on harmonic components, which play an important role in the improvement [19]:…”

“…The maximum permissible switching operating times for the capacitors installed at the secondary bus in a day is considered to be 6, and those installed through the feeder is assumed to 2 [19,22].…”

“…The authors in [16] proposed a dispatching schedule in a real distribution network regardless of harmonics. Volt/VAR control with harmonic consideration was discussed in a few studies [17][18][19]. In these works, the OLTC tap position planning and shunt capacitor on/off switching states have been done based on an optimal time-interval division for the forecasted daily load to decrease energy losses and improve power quality; however, there are some distribution networks uncertainties, such as load demand (LD) and renewable energy electricity generation.…”

“…The active power outputs are often specified by characteristics of energy resources [23]. To perform precise calculations, hybrid joint programming (HJP) to volt/VAR/total harmonic distortion (THD) control is developed and implemented utilizing the integration of MAT-LAB (The MathWorks, Natick, Massachusetts, USA) and DIgSILENT (DIgSILENT GmbH, Gomaringen, Germany) [19]. In this regard, a new trend in programming procedure to alleviate the probabilistic computational burden of the problem is adopted.…”