Volt/VAR Optimization: A Survey of Classical and Heuristic Optimization Methods

Mataifa, H.; Krishnamurthy, Senthil; Kriger, Carl

doi:10.1109/access.2022.3146366

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…The primary objective of Volt/VAR optimization is to facilitate the maintenance of network voltage profile within the predetermined nominal range, and at the same time optimize network reactive power dispatch so as to enhance the economical operation of the power system. Key objectives considered in the framework of Volt/VAR optimization are [20]:…”

Section: A Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…reduced-gradient, generalized reduced-gradient, conjugate-gradient, Newton and quasi-Newton methods), and local-approximation methods such as sequential linear programming (SLP) and sequential quadratic programming (SQP). Heuristic optimization methods encompass genetic algorithm, evolutionary programming, particle swarm optimization, fuzzy set theory, and expert systems, among others [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Efficient Primal-Dual Interior-Point Algorithm for Volt/VAR Optimization in Rectangular Voltage Coordinates

2023

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Security and reliability of electrical power supply has become indispensable to modern society, and the system operator is challenged to manage the increasingly complex modern power system in a manner that ensures the expected reliability and security of system operation. In this context, Volt/VAR optimization (VVO) plays a key role in the efficient delivery of power through the transmission system, contributing significantly to the security, reliability, quality and economy of system operation. This article presents the design and implementation of an efficient primal-dual interior-point algorithm for the solution of the VVO problem. The primal-dual interior-point method combines efficient constraint handling by means of logarithmic barrier functions, Lagrangian theory of optimization, and the Newton method to constitute one of the most efficient deterministic algorithms for large-scale nonlinear optimization. The developed algorithm also incorporates the efficient Newton-Raphson load flow computation, which ensures that the solution is feasible with respect to the power flow balance equations at each iteration of the VVO algorithm. Both the VVO and Newton-Raphson load flow problems are formulated in the rectangular coordinates of system voltages. This is a departure from most researchers, who make use of the polar formulation, and adds considerably to the efficiency of the developed algorithm. The efficiency and effectiveness of the developed algorithm has been demonstrated by means of case studies performed on the 6-bus and IEEE 14-bus, 30-bus and 118-bus test systems, which have been selected to analyse the computational efficiency and scalability of the algorithm as it is applied to systems of various sizes. The extensive analyses that have been conducted reveal the developed primal-dual interior-point algorithm's effectiveness and efficiency, particularly in being able to successfully solve the VVO problem for systems of widely varying sizes without disproportionate increase in computational cost or deterioration in the quality of the results. The developed algorithm exhibits characteristics of fast convergence, high efficiency, and scalability to large-scale problems.INDEX TERMS Volt/VAR optimization, reactive power/voltage control, primal-dual interior-point method, optimal power flow, Newton's method, Newton-Raphson load flow, Lagrange multiplier method, rectangular voltage coordinates

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Section: A Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Efficient Primal-Dual Interior-Point Algorithm for Volt/VAR Optimization in Rectangular Voltage Coordinates

2023

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“…The technique in the papers scheduled a large number of appliances of different types. The authors in [36,37] use a heuristic-based evolutionary algorithm to reduce the PAR and minimize the cost by shifting the peak hour load to different sources.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Scheduling of Home Energy Management Controller (HEMC) Using Heuristic Optimization Techniques

et al. 2023

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The main problem for both the utility companies and the end-used is to efficiently schedule the home appliances using energy management to optimize energy consumption. The microgrid, macro grid, and Smart Grid (SG) are state-of-the-art technology that is user and environment-friendly, reliable, flexible, and controllable. Both utility companies and end-users are interested in effectively utilizing different heuristic optimization techniques to address demand-supply management efficiently based on consumption patterns. Similarly, the end-user has a greater concern with the electricity bills, how to minimize electricity bills, and how to reduce the Peak to Average Ratio (PAR). The Home Energy Management Controller (HEMC) is integrated into the smart grid, by providing many benefits to the end-user as well to the utility. In this research paper, we design an efficient HEMC system by using different heuristic optimization techniques such as Genetic Algorithm (GA), Binary Particle Swarm Optimization (BPSO), and Wind Driven Optimization (WDO), to address the problem stated above. We consider a typical home, to have a large number of appliances and an on-site renewable energy generation and storage system. As a key contribution, here we focus on incentive-based programs such as Demand Response (DR) and Time of Use (ToU) pricing schemes which restrict the end-user energy consumption during peak demands. From the results figures, it is clear that our HEMC not only schedules all the appliances but also generates optimal patterns for energy consumption based on the ToU pricing scheme. As a secondary contribution, deploying an efficient ToU scheme benefits the end-user by paying minimum electricity bills, while considering user comfort, at the same time benefiting utilities by reducing the peak demand. From the graphs, it is clear that HEMC using GA shows better results than WDO and BPSO, in energy consumption and electricity cost, while BPSO is more prominent than WDO and GA by calculating PAR.

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“…In relation to the heuristic approaches, techniques such as the Genetic Algorithms (GA) [156], the Evolutionary Programming (EP) [157], the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) [158], and the Expert Systems (ES) [159]. These techniques can handle problems in which the previous knowledge is not necessary, they are good for looking values in searching spaces with non-linearities, non-convexities, and with high dimensionality.…”

Section: Techniques That Could Be Possible Potential Solutions To The...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Power Quality Analysis Techniques for Electrical Machines and Drives: A Review

et al. 2022

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The electric machines are the elements most used at an industry level, and they represent the major power consumption of the productive processes. Particularly speaking, among all electric machines, the motors and their drives play a key role since they literally allow the motion interchange in the industrial processes; it could be said that they are the medullar column for moving the rest of the mechanical parts. Hence, their proper operation must be guaranteed in order to raise, as much as possible, their efficiency, and, as consequence, bring out the economic benefits. This review presents a general overview of the reported works that address the efficiency topic in motors and drives and in the power quality of the electric grid. This study speaks about the relationship existing between the motors and drives that induces electric disturbances into the grid, affecting its power quality, and also how these power disturbances present in the electrical network adversely affect, in turn, the motors and drives. In addition, the reported techniques that tackle the detection, classification, and mitigations of power quality disturbances are discussed. Additionally, several works are reviewed in order to present the panorama that show the evolution and advances in the techniques and tendencies in both senses: motors and drives affecting the power source quality and the power quality disturbances affecting the efficiency of motors and drives. A discussion of trends in techniques and future work about power quality analysis from the motors and drives efficiency viewpoint is provided. Finally, some prompts are made about alternative methods that could help in overcome the gaps until now detected in the reported approaches referring to the detection, classification and mitigation of power disturbances with views toward the improvement of the efficiency of motors and drives.

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Volt/VAR Optimization: A Survey of Classical and Heuristic Optimization Methods

Cited by 22 publications

References 134 publications

An Efficient Primal-Dual Interior-Point Algorithm for Volt/VAR Optimization in Rectangular Voltage Coordinates

An Efficient Primal-Dual Interior-Point Algorithm for Volt/VAR Optimization in Rectangular Voltage Coordinates

Efficient Scheduling of Home Energy Management Controller (HEMC) Using Heuristic Optimization Techniques

Advances in Power Quality Analysis Techniques for Electrical Machines and Drives: A Review

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