Volitional and automatic control of the hand when reaching to grasp objects.

Chen, Zhongting; Saunders, Jeffrey A.

doi:10.1037/xhp0000492

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(132 reference statements)

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“…Participants. To determine the number of participants to typically observe language-switch costs with a comprehension task, we decided to look into prior research that found significant language-switch costs (for a similar technique, see, e.g., Chen & Saunders, 2018;Questienne, van Dijck, & Gevers, 2018;Won & Geng, 2018). 1 When we started this study, published comprehension-based language switching studies had tested between 16 (Thomas & Allport, 2000) and 26 participants (Hirsch et al, 2015).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What absent switch costs and mixing costs during bilingual language comprehension can tell us about language control.

Declerck

Koch

Duñabeitia

et al. 2019

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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In the current study, we set out to investigate language control, which is the process that minimizes cross-language interference, during bilingual language comprehension. According to current theories of bilingual language comprehension, language-switch costs, which are a marker for reactive language control, should be observed. However, a closer look at the literature shows that this is not always the case. Furthermore, little to no evidence for language-mixing costs, which are a marker for proactive language control, has been observed in the bilingual language comprehension literature. This is in line with current theories of bilingual language comprehension, as they do not explicitly account for proactive language control. In the current study, we further investigated these two markers of language control and found no evidence for comprehension-based language-switch costs in six experiments, even though other types of switch costs were observed with the exact same setup (i.e., task-switch costs, stimulus modality-switch costs, and production-based language-switch costs). Furthermore, only one out of three experiments showed comprehension-based language-mixing costs, providing the first tentative evidence for proactive language control during bilingual language comprehension. The implications of the absence and occurrence of these costs are discussed in terms of processing speed and parallel language activation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What absent switch costs and mixing costs during bilingual language comprehension can tell us about language control.

Declerck

Koch

Duñabeitia

et al. 2019

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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show abstract

“…For example, when picking up an object, one tends to grasp at contact points that allow a stable grip. Appropriate grasp points can be re-selected during an ongoing movement in response to unexpected perturbations of the target object, suggesting that automatic control mechanisms guide the fingers to appropriate grasp points distinctly from those involved with volitional control [89]. Volitional control with meta-level consciousness is only required when a new purpose for a new project is formulated.…”

Section: Behavior Control Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

I Am Conscious, Therefore, I Am: Imagery, Affect, Action, and a General Theory of Behavior

Marks¹

2019

Brain Sciences

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Organisms are adapted to each other and the environment because there is an inbuilt striving toward security, stability, and equilibrium. A General Theory of Behavior connects imagery, affect, and action with the central executive system we call consciousness, a direct emergent property of cerebral activity. The General Theory is founded on the assumption that the primary motivation of all of consciousness and intentional behavior is psychological homeostasis. Psychological homeostasis is as important to the organization of mind and behavior as physiological homeostasis is to the organization of bodily systems. Consciousness processes quasi-perceptual images independently of the input to the retina and sensorium. Consciousness is the “I am” control center for integration and regulation of (my) thoughts, (my) feelings, and (my) actions with (my) conscious mental imagery as foundation stones. The fundamental, universal conscious desire for psychological homeostasis benefits from the degree of vividness of inner imagery. Imagery vividness, a combination of clarity and liveliness, is beneficial to imagining, remembering, thinking, predicting, planning, and acting. Assessment of vividness using introspective report is validated by objective means such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). A significant body of work shows that vividness of visual imagery is determined by the similarity of neural responses in imagery to those occurring in perception of actual objects and performance of activities. I am conscious; therefore, I am.

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“…Participants performed a reaching stop-signal task (e.g. Chen & Saunders, 2018) which included the presentation of odour primes. Each trial started with a black screen for 500 ms during which clean air was delivered.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory influences on reach-to-press movements in a stop-signal task

Albayay

Castiello

Parma

2021

Cognition and Emotion

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Response inhibition is sensitive to unexpected changes in the environment triggered by emotional stimuli. Whereas the impact of visual material on inhibition has been widely documented, the attention on the influence of olfactory stimuli has been neglected. Here, we examined the effect of pleasant (orange), unpleasant (trimethyloxazole), and control (clean air) odour primes in a stop-signal task. Twenty-five participants had to elicit or inhibit reach-to-press actions which allowed to examine the olfactory influences on both the planning (release phase) and the on-line control (reaching phase) of responses. Additionally, we manipulated the distance between the initial hand position and the target to be pressed (10 vs. 20 vs. 30 cm). The pleasant (vs. control) odour impaired inhibition, as reflected in slower stop-signal reaction times and higher release errors, indicating greater mobilisation of inhibitory resources by pleasant stimuli. Further, faster release responses were triggered by pleasant and unpleasant primes, supporting the idea of perceptual prioritisation of emotional (vs. non-emotional) stimuli. The olfactory manipulation did not affect the reaching phase of the responses. Instead, the distance manipulation modulated the reaching but not the release phase. These results extend the sparse literature on the influences of odour stimuli on response inhibition.

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Volitional and automatic control of the hand when reaching to grasp objects.

Cited by 5 publications

References 77 publications

What absent switch costs and mixing costs during bilingual language comprehension can tell us about language control.

What absent switch costs and mixing costs during bilingual language comprehension can tell us about language control.

I Am Conscious, Therefore, I Am: Imagery, Affect, Action, and a General Theory of Behavior

Olfactory influences on reach-to-press movements in a stop-signal task

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