Volcanological evolution and caldera forming eruptions of Mt. Nemrut (Eastern Turkey)

Ulusoy, İ̇̇nan; Çubukçu, H. Evren; Aydar, Erkan; Labazuy, Philippe; Ersoy, Orkun; Şen, Erdal; Gourgaud, Alain

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.06.031

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The stratigraphy of the trachybasalt-trachytecomendite series of Nemrut Volcano, the isotopic age of its rocks, and the sequence of volcanic events have been discussed in publications (Yilmaz et al, 1998;Aydar et al, 2003;Karao lu et al, 2005;Özdemir et al, 2006;Ulusoy et al, 2012;Sumita and Schmincke, 2013). The description below is based on the structural model of the volcano proposed by Çubukçu et al (2012), who presented refined and new isotopic data and summarized the previous work.…”

Section: Description Of Nemrut Volcanomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trachybasalt-trachyte-comendite volcanism is wide spread in intraplate rifting environments, including continental rifts and ocean islands. More rarely, such volcanism is observed at various stages of lithospheric plate convergence: in mature island arc systems, active continental margins, and continental collision zones, for instance, in eastern Turkey Ulusoy et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introducitonmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Genesis of mugearites and benmoreites of Nemrut Volcano, eastern Turkey: Magma mixing and fractional crystallization of trachybasaltic melt

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Presents detailed mineralogical and phase characteristics of trachybasalt, mugearite, trachydac ite, and comendite samples from Nemrut Volcano in eastern Turkey, estimates of mineral formation condi tions, and analyses of glasses from melt inclusions in olivine and rock matrix. Based on the analysis of the mineralogy and geochemistry of the rocks and mass balance calculations, the most feasible models of mugearitic and benmoreitic magma formation were proposed. The crystallization conditions of olivine, feld spar, and Fe-Ti oxides (titanomagnetite and ilmenite) were determined. Titanomagnetite and ilmenite were formed under the following conditions: 960-922°C, NNO from -1.54 to -0.73 in the mugearite, 940-890°C, NNO from -1.46 to -0.79 in the benmoreite, 870-845°C and NNO from ⎯2.11 to -1.82 in the trachydacite, and 705-667°C, NNO from -2.48 to ⎯2.18 in the comendite. Feldspars crystallized at 1150-950°C in the trachybasalt, 920-800°C in the benmoreite, and 760-720°C in the comendite. The temperature of melt inclusion entrapment in olivine (Fo 75 40 ) from the trachybasalt, mugearite, benmoreite, and trachydacite was estimated as 1270-860°C. Except for the trachybasalt, partly resorbed phenoc rysts and/or xenocrysts were observed in all the samples, which indicates their formation under nonequilibrium conditions. Mass balance calculations for rock compositions (FC, AFC, and FCA models) and mineralogical observations suggest that the magmas or melts of mugearitic and benmoreitic compositions could be produced by the fractional crystallization of trachybasaltic melt (mass fraction of melt F = 0.63-0.79), which assimilated a small amount of crustal material, as well as by the mixing of trachybasaltic (F = 0.16-0.45) and trachydacitic (F = 0.45-0.58) magmas in the presence of excess olivine, plagioclase, magnetite, and apatite (totaling 10-24 wt %). Pre caldera comendites are enriched in Fe (4-5 wt % FeO tot ) and trace elements compared with post caldera comendites (2-3 wt % FeO tot ). The analysis of the geochemical data and mass balance calculations indicated that the post caldera benmoreitic magma could not be produced by the fractionation of trachybasaltic melt. This magma and corresponding post caldera benmoreites have anomalously low Ba (46-54 ppm) and Sr (203-269 ppm) contents, which could not be obtained in the models of fractional crystallization of trachybasaltic melt accompanied by crustal assimilation. The compositions of post caldera benmoreites and hybrid rocks of trachy dacitic composition showing evidence for magma mixing (presence of xenocrysts from benmoreitic and comen ditic magmas and compositionally variable glasses) were best reproduced by mixing trachybasaltic (F = 0.7-0.5) and low Fe comenditic (F = 0.3-0.5) melts. Magma chambers with low Fe comenditic melts appeared during the post caldera stage owing to the fractional crystallization of pre caldera trachytic and trachyte comenditic magmas. Perhaps, the repeated eruptions of low Fe comendites in the caldera and "rift" zone of Nemrut Vol cano...

show abstract

Section: Description Of Nemrut Volcanomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introducitonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genesis of mugearites and benmoreites of Nemrut Volcano, eastern Turkey: Magma mixing and fractional crystallization of trachybasaltic melt

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The average elevation reaches over 2 km asl and the thickness of crust varies between 38 and 45 km (Şengör et al, 2008). The evolution of Plio-Quaternary volcanic centers in eastern Anatolia is closely associated with changes in the tectonic regime (Yılmaz et al, 1998;Karaoğlu et al, 2005;Özdemir et al, 2006;Özdemir et al, 2011;Ulusoy et al, 2012).…”

Section: Tectonic Setting Geologic Outline and Seismic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-earthquake anomalies in He–CO2 isotope and relative abundance systematics of thermal waters: The case of the 2011 Van earthquake, eastern Anatolia, Turkey

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Bu çalışmanın benzer yapıdaki volkanik göllerin araştırılmasına katkıda bulunması hedeflenmektedir. [14]. Volkan konisinin en yüksek kotlarını birleştiren elipsoidin eksenleri 8.4 ve 7 km ve yaklaşık alanı ise 488 km 2 dir.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Göllerden süreklilik gösteren birinde sıcak su çıkışları izlenmekte, diğer göl ise tatlı su karakterindedir. Doğu Anadolu'da yerleşim yerleri için tehlikeli sayılabilecek volkanın içinde günümüzde hidrotermal ve fümerolik çıkışlar ile düşük seviyede de olsa volkanik sismik aktivite sürmektedir [14]. Ayrıca, bölgenin tarihi ile ilgili olan Şerefname adlı kitapta da (1597 yılı), Nemrut'un kuzey yamacında bulunan bazaltik lav yayılmaları doğrudan gözlem olarak sunulmaktadır [15].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Nemrut Kaldera Göllerinin Su Kaynakları Potansiyeli

Kurttaş¹

2017

SDÜ Fen Bil Enst Der

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Özet: Ülkemizde bulunan göller su kaynakları potansiyeli olarak önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Göller ile ilgili olarak birçok çalışma yapılmış ve yapılmakla birlikte, volkanik göllerin hidrojeolojik koşullarına ait sınırlı sayıda çalışma bulunmaktadır. Tatlı su kaynağı potansiyeli açısından uygun hidrojeokimyasal özellikleri olan göllerin önemi büyüktür. Bu çalışma kapsamında Türkiye'deki volkanik göllerden olan ve Tatvan ile Bitlis yerleşimlerinin su kaynağını oluşturma potansiyeli bulunan Nemrut Krater göllerinin alansal yayılımı ve hidrojeokimyasal özellikleri, çevresindeki yeraltısuyu ile birlikte araştırılmıştır. Nemrut Krater Gölü'nün batimetrisi ve buna bağlı olarak fiziksel özellikleri yanında Nemrut krateri içinde ve dışındaki kaynakların krater gölleri ile olan hidrojeolojik ilişkileri incelenmiştir. Gölün ve kaynakların hidrojeokimyasal özellikleri yerinde yapılan fiziksel ölçümler ile desteklenmiştir. Göl seviyesinin 1 m düşürülmesi sonucunda yaklaşık olarak 12.46x10 6 m 3 su hacmi elde etmek olasıdır ve bu miktar ile yaklaşık 350000 kişinin bir yıllık su ihtiyacı karşılanabilmektedir. Aynı miktarda su ile yaklaşık 400 ha tarım arazisi sulanabilmektedir. Water Resources Potential of Nemrut Caldera LakesKeywords Lake, Bathymetry, Hydrogeochemistry, Groundwater, Crater Abstract: Lakes in our country plays as an important role as to be water resources potential. There has been many studies carried out about the lakes but there are limited number of studies about hydrogeological situation of the volcanic lakes. Lakes having appropriate hydrogeochemical properties is very important as to be potential fresh water resources. In this research, hydrochemical properties and spatial extend of Nemrut Crater lakes which can be considered as the potential water resources of the Bitlis city and Tatvan, have been studied together with the groundwater resources around them. Beside the bathymetry of the Nemrut Crater lakes and their physical properties, hydrogeologic relations between crater lakes and springs in and around the crater were evaluated. Hydrochemical properties of the lakes and springs were supported by in-situ physical measurements. It is possible to have water volume of 12.46x10 6 m 3 by dropping lake level 1 meter and this amount is rougly equal to the water consumption of 350000 people annually. Approximately 400 ha agricultural land can be irrigated with this amount of water.

show abstract

Volcanological evolution and caldera forming eruptions of Mt. Nemrut (Eastern Turkey)

Cited by 20 publications

References 44 publications

Genesis of mugearites and benmoreites of Nemrut Volcano, eastern Turkey: Magma mixing and fractional crystallization of trachybasaltic melt

Genesis of mugearites and benmoreites of Nemrut Volcano, eastern Turkey: Magma mixing and fractional crystallization of trachybasaltic melt

Post-earthquake anomalies in He–CO2 isotope and relative abundance systematics of thermal waters: The case of the 2011 Van earthquake, eastern Anatolia, Turkey

Nemrut Kaldera Göllerinin Su Kaynakları Potansiyeli

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About