Volcanoes as a Sustainable Resource for Engineering Applications: A case study from Harrat Ash Shaam Basalt (HASB), NE Jordan.

Abstract

Volcanic rocks have long been utilized in engineering applications due to their unique physical and mechanical properties. However, the sustainability of these practices remains an area of concern. This paper examines the importance of volcanoes as a sustainable resource for engineering applications, focusing on a case study of NE Jordan at Harrat Ash Shaam Basalt (HASB). The study evaluates the geotechnical properties of basalt rocks and pyroclastic materials of volcanoes and their potential applications in construction, such as aggregate and asphalt production, as well as their use in road construction and as building or decoration stones. Additionally, the paper assesses the environmental impact of exploiting volcanic resources and explores potential measures to mitigate adverse effects. Results suggest that Jordan basalt presents promising properties for engineering applications and that its sustainable use can support economic development while minimizing environmental impacts. However, careful management and monitoring are necessary to ensure sustainable exploitation and preservation of natural resources. This study provides insight into the potential of volcanoes as a sustainable resource and highlights the importance of sustainable practices in engineering applications. The study revealed that the sustainable use of volcanic resources requires careful management, monitoring, and enforcement of regulations. Stakeholder engagement and community involvement are also critical to ensure the preservation of natural resources and minimize social and environmental impacts.

Mineralogy and Chemistry Characterization of the New Basaltic Intrusion at Maasser El Chouf/Lebanon

“…The argument can be made that Lebanon's basalt is part of the major trend of volcanic eruption in the Harrat Ashaam Basalt, which spans over 45,000 km 2 as a lava plateau, stretching about 1000 km in a NW-SE direction, distributed in Lebanon, Palestine, Syria, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia (Tarawneh et al, 2000(Tarawneh et al, , 2002(Tarawneh et al, , 2022(Tarawneh et al, , 2023Tarawneh, 2020;Ilani et al, 2001;Ibrahim et al, 2003). It is presumed that the volcanism of Harrat Ash Shaam Basalt, including Lebanon's territories, underwent three main episodes of volcanic activity: Oligocene to Early Miocene (26 to 22 Ma), Middle to Late Miocene (12 to 8 Ma), and Late Miocene to Quaternary (6 to less than 0.5 Ma) (Tarawneh et al, 2000).…”

“…It is presumed that the volcanism of Harrat Ash Shaam Basalt, including Lebanon's territories, underwent three main episodes of volcanic activity: Oligocene to Early Miocene (26 to 22 Ma), Middle to Late Miocene (12 to 8 Ma), and Late Miocene to Quaternary (6 to less than 0.5 Ma) (Tarawneh et al, 2000). This volcanic province is one of the largest volcanic plateaus in the Middle East and serves as a crucial source for sustainable basalt rocks, pyroclastic materials, as well as industrial minerals like zeolites and semi-precious stones (Tarawneh et al, 2023).…”