Volcano-structural analysis of La Garrotxa Volcanic Field (NE Iberia): Implications for the plumbing system

Bolós, Xavier; Martı́, Joan; Becerril, Laura; Planagumà, Llorenç; Grosse, Pablo; Barde-Cabusson, Stéphanie

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2014.12.013

Cited by 50 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…When magma arrived at very shallow depths it was captured by a N-S fissure of the southern rift zone starting the eruption along that fissure2. This is in good agreement with one of the characteristics of monogenetic volcanism observed in other zones, which is that deep magma ascent is not controlled by the same fractures that will determine its final eruption at surface54.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Stress barriers controlling lateral migration of magma revealed by seismic tomography

Martı́

Villaseñor

Geyer

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Understanding how monogenetic volcanic systems work requires full comprehension of the local and regional stresses that govern magma migration inside them and why/how they seem to change from one eruption to another. During the 2011–2012 El Hierro eruption (Canary Islands) the characteristics of unrest, including a continuous change in the location of seismicity, made the location of the future vent unpredictable, so short term hazard assessment was highly imprecise. A 3D P-wave velocity model is obtained using arrival times of the earthquakes occurred during that pre-eruptive unrest and several latter post-eruptive seismic crises not related to further eruptions. This model reveals the rheological and structural complexity of the interior of El Hierro volcanic island. It shows a number of stress barriers corresponding to regional tectonic structures and blocked pathways from previous eruptions, which controlled ascent and lateral migration of magma and, together with the existence of N-S regional compression, reduced its options to find a suitable path to reach the surface and erupt.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Stress barriers controlling lateral migration of magma revealed by seismic tomography

Martı́

Villaseñor

Geyer

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…In NE Iberia thinning was more intense in the lithospheric mantle than in the crust, producing uplift and volcanism (Cabal and Fernàndez, 1995). The Olot alkaline basaltic volcanic province, in NE Iberia, is associated to the large Transverse fault system with radiometric ages that are progressively younger towards the W and WSW from 14 to 0.011 Ma (Martí et al, 1992;Saula et al, 1996;Bolós et al, 2015). The westward migration of both extension and volcanism into the NE corner of Iberia could be due to thinning of mantle lithosphere and coeval migration of a thermal anomaly starting at least during the late mid-Miocene times and still active (Lewis et al, 2000;Bolós et al, 2015).…”

Section: U N C O R R E C T E D P R O O Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Olot alkaline basaltic volcanic province, in NE Iberia, is associated to the large Transverse fault system with radiometric ages that are progressively younger towards the W and WSW from 14 to 0.011 Ma (Martí et al, 1992;Saula et al, 1996;Bolós et al, 2015). The westward migration of both extension and volcanism into the NE corner of Iberia could be due to thinning of mantle lithosphere and coeval migration of a thermal anomaly starting at least during the late mid-Miocene times and still active (Lewis et al, 2000;Bolós et al, 2015). Although more difficult to quantify, the present-day configuration of the innermost part of the Pyrenees was also affected by the Neogene extensional system triggering uplift of large isolated massifs along the easternmost termination of the mountain chain (Canigó Massif at 2784 m, Albera Massif at 1256 m and Cap de Creus at around 500 m of elevation).…”

Section: U N C O R R E C T E D P R O O Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the crustal structure beneath the eastern Pyrenees

et al. 2018

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Two passive seismic profiles have been acquired in the eastern Pyrenees as part of the Pyrope and Orogen projects to investigate the crustal structure differences between this area and the central and western Pyrenees. Up to 28 broad-band stations were deployed along two orthogonal lines, with an interstation spacing close to 10 km. High frequency receiver functions allowed us to obtain the main lithospheric interfaces along those lines. The NNE-SSW profile shows a well-defined Moho beneath Iberia, slightly deepening northwards. Beneath the Axial zone the Moho appears to be segmented but does not show evidence of crustal imbrication. Further North, the Moho appears again as a continuous interface located around 30 km depth. This image clearly differs from the conspicuous imbrication between the Iberian and Eurasian crusts observed westward. The E-W profile shows a smooth Moho thinning from a 40 km depth to the west of the profile to 23 km close to the coastline, evidencing the crustal thinning related to the Neogene extensional processes. Additional constraints on the geometry of the crust/mantle boundary in the Eastern Pyrenees are obtained from local moderate magnitude earthquakes recorded along the seismic lines during the experiment. In particular, a fan profile built from an event located near the Mediterranean coast suggests that crustal thickness differences between Iberian and Eurasian crusts can still be recognized 30 km westward of the Mediterranean coast, in an area that seems to mark the limit between regions dominated by compressive and extensive processes. We propose a model in which the observed dissimilar Moho structure beneath the Eastern Pyrenees is interpreted as the result of a different Mesozoic pre-shortening margin configuration. Seismic results are consistent with recently proposed tectonic models including an intermediate continental block separating Iberia and Europe by two basins with extremely thin crust or exhumed mantle.

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“…Such maps have already been produced for volcanic areas such as Etna volcano (Sicily, Italy) (Azzarro, Branca, Gwinner, & Coltelli, 2012), Taupo Volcanic Zone (New Zealand) (Cole & Spinks, 2009), TeideCañadas (Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain) (Galindo, 2005), or La Garrotxa Volcanic Field (Catalonia, Spain) (Bolós et al, 2015). Under the same theme, the study presented here aims at identifying, mapping, and interpreting the main volcano-structural elements of El Hierro (Canary Islands, Spain; Figure 1), in both submarine and subaerial parts of the volcanic edifice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcano-structure of El Hierro (Canary Islands)

Becerril

Arnedo

Morales³

et al. 2016

Journal of Maps

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The first complete volcano-structural map of El Hierro (Canary Islands, Spain) has been developed in order to provide a tool for volcano-tectonic analyses and volcanic hazard evaluation on the island. This map is a synthesis of collated and interpreted field data and bathymetric maps. We have integrated information obtained from: (1) high-resolution digital elevation models, (2) bathymetric information, (3) topographic, geologic and geomorphological maps, (4) aerial photographs and orthoimages, (5) previous reports and scientific publications, and (6) new detailed field surveys. The 1:100,000-scale map includes the main volcano-structural elements such as vents, eruptive fissures, dykes, faults, and landslides scars. This information has been used for analysing the volcano-tectonic evolution of El Hierro and for estimating the probability of new vent opening on the island (i.e. volcanic susceptibility). We expect that this map will underpin future geological studies and future volcanic risk assessment. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Volcano-structural analysis of La Garrotxa Volcanic Field (NE Iberia): Implications for the plumbing system

Cited by 50 publications

References 59 publications

Stress barriers controlling lateral migration of magma revealed by seismic tomography

Stress barriers controlling lateral migration of magma revealed by seismic tomography

Mapping the crustal structure beneath the eastern Pyrenees

Volcano-structure of El Hierro (Canary Islands)

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