Volcanism on farside of the Moon: New evidence from Antoniadi in South Pole Aitken basin

Sruthi, U.; Kumar, Prakash

doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2014.07.030

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…This feature transects the southern basin wall obliquely and is about 15–20° oblique to the overall trend of Scarp 1. This feature appears to be a secondary crater chain from the Antoniadi basin [e.g., Sruthi and Kumar , ], considering the secondary crater chains observed elsewhere on the Schrödinger basin [e.g., Kramer et al ., ]. It appears that the eastern tip of this secondary crater chain has prevented the development of scarp segments in the gap.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent shallow moonquake and impact-triggered boulder falls on the Moon: New insights from the Schrödinger basin

Kumar

Sruthi

Krishna

et al. 2016

J. Geophys. Res. Planets

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Shallow moonquakes are thought to be of tectonic origin. However, the geologic structures responsible for these moonquakes are unknown. Here we report sites where moonquakes possibly occurred along young lobate scarps in the Schrödinger basin. Our analysis of Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter and Chandrayaan‐1 images revealed four lobate scarps in different parts of the Schrödinger basin. The scarps crosscut small fresh impact craters (<10–30 m) suggesting a young age for the scarps. A 28 km long scarp (Scarp 1) yields a minimum age of 11 Ma based on buffered crater counting, while others are 35–82 Ma old. The topography of Scarp 1 suggests a range of horizontal shortening (10–30 m) across the fault. Two scarps are associated with boulder falls in which several boulders rolled and bounced on nearby slopes. A cluster of a large number of boulder falls near Scarp 1 indicates that the scarp was seismically active recently. A low runout efficiency of the boulders (~2.5) indicates low to moderate levels of ground shaking, which we interpret to be related to low‐magnitude moonquakes in the scarp. Boulder falls are also observed in other parts of the basin, where we mapped >1500 boulders associated with trails and bouncing marks. Their origins are largely controlled by recent impact events. Ejecta rays and secondary crater chains from a 14 km diameter impact crater traversed Schrödinger and triggered significant boulder falls about 17 Ma. Therefore, a combination of recent shallow moonquakes and impact events triggered the boulder falls in the Schrödinger basin.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent shallow moonquake and impact-triggered boulder falls on the Moon: New insights from the Schrödinger basin

Kumar

Sruthi

Krishna

et al. 2016

J. Geophys. Res. Planets

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“…A possible explanation for such steeper power index values of lunar boulders is repeated occurrence of impact events on the lunar surface, which led to multiple fragmentation and increase of smaller size fragments that produce steeper power law slopes in the cumulative size frequency distribution. On the Moon, the pyroclastic deposits occurring in the summit areas of volcanic cones have a larger range of power index values (−3 to −9), dissimilar to the impact fragments [ Sruthi and Kumar , ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact fragmentation of Lonar Crater, India: Implications for impact cratering processes in basalt

et al. 2014

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Impact fragmentation is an energetic process that has affected all planetary bodies. To understand its effects in basalt, we studied Lonar Crater, which is a rare terrestrial simple impact crater in basalt and analogues to kilometer-scale simple craters on Mars. The Lonar ejecta consists of basaltic fragments with sizes ranging from silt to boulder. The cumulative size and mass frequency distributions of these fragments show variation of power index for different size ranges, suggesting simple and complex fragmentation. The general shape of the fragments is compact, platy, bladed, and elongated with an average edge angle of 100°. The size distribution of cobble-to boulder-sized fragments is similar to the fracture spacing distribution in the upper crater wall, indicating the provenance of those large fragments. Its consistency with a theoretical spallation model suggests that the large fragments were ejected from near surface of the target, whereas the small fragments from deeper level. The petrophysical properties of the ejecta fragments reflect the geophysical heterogeneity in the target basalt that significantly reduced the original size of spall fragments. The presence of Fe/Mg phyllosilicates (smectites) both in the ejecta and wall indicates the role of impact in excavating the phyllosilicates from the interior of basaltic target affected by aqueous alteration. The seismic images reveal a thickness variation in the ejecta blanket, segregation of boulders, fractures, and faults in the bedrock beneath the crater rim. The fracturing, fragmentation, and fluvial degradation of Lonar Crater have important implications for Mars.

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“…The vent and the surrounding dark-albedo region has a high-FeO abundance compared to the surrounding basin floor material (Kramer et al, 2013). Additionally, pyroclastic materials within Antoniadi crater (Sruthi and Kumar, 2014) and potentially in the SPA basin center (Borst et al, 2012) could be found at or near the landing sites.…”

Section: Spa Geology and Landing Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study 'closes the loop' in that we demonstrate how the design reference mission and engineering concepts of Hufenbach et al (2015) can achieve the National Research Council (2007) goals and objectives using the mission architecture set forth in the Global Exploration Roadmap International Space Exploration Coordination Group (2013Group ( , 2018. We also utilize contributions from other landing site and traverse studies (Steenstra et al, 2016;Sruthi and Kumar, 2014;Kramer et al, 2013;Kring and Durda, 2012;Borst et al, 2012;Gibson and Jolliff, 2011). Steenstra et al (2016), in particular, utilizes architecture from ISECGs European Space Agency led Human-Enhanced Robotic Architecture and Capability for Lunar Exploration (HERACLES) mission concept (Landgraf et al, 2015), demonstrating the growing interest in human-robotic partnership for future exploration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traverses for the ISECG-GER design reference mission for humans on the lunar surface

Allender

Orgel

Almeida

et al. 2019

Advances in Space Research

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This study explores the Design Reference Mission (DRM) architecture developed by Hufenbach et al. (2015) as a prelude to the release of the 2018 Global Exploration Roadmap (GER) developed by the International Space Exploration Coordination Group (ISECG). The focus of this study is the exploration of the south polar region of the Moon, a region that has not been visited by any human missions, yet exhibits a multitude of scientifically important locations-the investigation of which will address long standing questions in lunar research. This DRM architecture involves five landing sites (Malapert massif, South Pole /Shackleton crater, Schrödinger basin, Antoniadi crater, and the South Pole-Aitken basin center), to be visited in sequential years by crew, beginning in 2028. Two Lunar Electric Rovers (LER) are proposed to be tele-robotically operated between sites to rendezvous with crew at the time of the next landing. With engineering parameters in mind we explore the feasibility of tele-robotic operation of these LERs between lunar landing sites, and identify potential high interest sampling locations en-route. Additionally, in-depth sample collection and return traverses are identified for each individual landing site across key geologic terrains that also detail crew Extra-Vehicular Activity (EVA). Exploration at and between landing sites is designed to address a suite of National Research Council (National Research Council, 2007) scientific concepts.

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Volcanism on farside of the Moon: New evidence from Antoniadi in South Pole Aitken basin

Cited by 13 publications

References 75 publications

Recent shallow moonquake and impact-triggered boulder falls on the Moon: New insights from the Schrödinger basin

Recent shallow moonquake and impact-triggered boulder falls on the Moon: New insights from the Schrödinger basin

Impact fragmentation of Lonar Crater, India: Implications for impact cratering processes in basalt

Traverses for the ISECG-GER design reference mission for humans on the lunar surface

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