Volcanic Expression of Bimodal Magmatism: The Cranberry Island-Cadillac Mountain Complex, Coastal Maine

Seaman, S. J.; Wobus, R.A.; Wiebe, Robert A.; Lubick, Naomi; Bowring, Sam

doi:10.1086/629748

Cited by 37 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Although these rocks have yielded a Late C am brian U-Pb zircon date (Ruitenberg et al, 1993), they are only slightly metamorphosed to lower greenschist (chlorite) facies. The Castine Volcanics texturally and compositionally closely resemble the Middle Silurian volcanic rocks exposed in the Ellsworth terrane on the Cranberry Islands (Seaman et al, 1995). South of the North Haven fault (Fig.…”

Section: T Erranes In the P Enobscot B Ay Regionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Silurian tectonic history of Penobscot Bay region, Maine

Stewart

Unger

Hutchinson

1995

atgeol

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Early Paleozoic amalgamation of composite terranes was contemporaneous at widely separated regions that were later accreted to either ancestral North America or to Gondwana as those two continents approached each other. Terranes closer to Laurentia amalgamated in the Late Cambrian to Middle Ordovician Penobscottian orogeny and were accreted to ancestral North America in the Middle and to Late Orodovician Taconic orogeny. Peri-Gondwanan terranes formed from Late Cambrian and Early Ordovician rocks were amalgamated in the Late Ordovician and Early Silurian to form the Salinic orogenic belt, now exposed from western Europe to southern New England. Salinic orogenic activity involved extensive thrust faulting and metamorphism, large strike-slip faults, and plutonism, all of which are represented in coastal Maine. In the Penobscot Bay region, Maine, the peri-Gondwanan St. Croix terrane was thrust northwest in the Silurian(?) upon middle amphibolite facies Ordovician and Early Silurian rocks of the Fredericton trough. Seismic reflection profiles show that the thrust fault dips southeasterly at -30° and becomes listric at about 13 ± 2 km. The thrust sheet was broken initially by the Late Silurian Penobscot Bay-Smith Cove-North Blue Hill dextral strike-slip fault which juxtaposed the peri-Gondwanan Ellsworth terrane, followed by emplacement of the South Penobscot Intrusive Suite and by a sequence of strike-slip fault zones each with up to 20 km of dextral Silurian and Early Devonian(?) movement. The strike-slip faults are interpreted to either remain steep until they reach the sole of the thrust sheet or to become listric within the thrust sheet. In the Devonian Acadian orogeny, more outboard terranes with Gondwanan affinities, like the Avalonian terranes in southern New Brunswick and in eastern Massachusetts, were amalgamated with the Silurian orogenic belt, and the resulting composite terrane was accreted to ancestral North America. Acadian deformation, mcta-morphism, and plutonism are superimposed on the Silurian orogen, blurring or obliterating the evidence of Silurian orogeny. RÉSUMÉ Le fusionnement du Paléozoique inférieur des formations géologiques composites a été simultané dans des régions très separées qui ont ultérieurement été accolées, soit à l'Amérique du Nord ancestrale, soit au Gondwana, au fur et à mesure que les deux continents se sont rapprochés l'un de l'autre. Les formations géologiques plus proches du bouclier laurentien se sont fusionnées à l'Amérique du Nord au cours de l'orogénèse Taconique de l'Ordovicien moyen à supérieur. Les formations géologiques périgondwaniennes formées de roches du Cambrien supérieur à l'Ordovicien inférieur ont été fusionnées au cours de l'Ordovicien supérieur et du Silurien inférieur pour former la ceinture orogénique Salinique, maintenant découverte à partir de l'Europe occidentale jusqu'au sud de la Nouvclle-Angleterre. L'activité orogénique salinique a comporté un métamorphisme et une dislocation de compression importants, des décrochcments étendus et le plutonisme, des phénomènes qui sont tous représentés sur la côte du Maine. Dans la région de Penobsquot Bay, au Maine, la formation géologique périgondwanienne de St. Croix a été poussée vers le nord-ouest pendant le Silurien (?) sur les roches de l'Ordovicien et du Silurien inférieur du facies intermédiate à amphibolite de la dépression de Fredericton. Les profits de réflexion sismique montrent que la faille de compression s'incline vers le sud-est selon un angle de 30° et qu'elle devient courbe après environ 13 ± 2 km. La nappe avait initialement été fracturée par le décrochement dextre du Silurien supérieur de Penobsquot Bay-Smith Cove-North Blue Hill qui avait juxtaposé la formation périgondwanienne d'Ellsworth, événement suivi par le positionnement du cortege intrusif de South Penobsquot et par une séquence de zones de décrochements accusant chacun jusqu'à 20 km de déplacement dextre au cours du Silurien et du Dévonien inférieur (?). On interprète les décrochements comme des accidents qui restent abrupts jusqu'à ce qu'ils atteignent la surface inférieure de la nappe ou comme des failles devenant courbes à l'intérieur de la nappe. Au cours de l'orogénèse Acadienne du Dévonien, d'autres formations géologiques extérieures ayant des affinites avec le Gondwana, comme la formation géologique d'Avalon, dans le sud du Nouveau-Brunswick, et dans Test du Massachusetts, ont été fusionnées avec la ceinture orogénique Silurienne, et la formation composite qui en est résultée a été accoiée à l'Amérique du Nord ancestrale. La déformation, le métamorphisme et le plutonisme Acadiens sont superposed par-dessus l'orogène du Silurien, ce qui efface et brouille la preuve de l'orogénèse Silurienne. [Traduit par la rédaction]

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Section: T Erranes In the P Enobscot B Ay Regionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Silurian tectonic history of Penobscot Bay region, Maine

Stewart

Unger

Hutchinson

1995

atgeol

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“…They include the South Penobscot Pluton (419 ± 2 Ma, U-Pb, zircon; Stewart et al 2001), Spruce Head Pluton (421 ± 1 Ma, U-Pb, zircon; Tucker et al 2001), Cadillac Mountain intrusive complex (424 ± 2 and 419 ± 2 Ma, U-Pb, zircon; Seaman et al 1995), and Sedgwick Pluton (419.5 ± 1 Ma, U-Pb, zircon; Stewart et al 2001). Widespread and voluminous Late Silurian volcanic and plutonic activity throughout the coastal Maine magmatic province and adjacent New Brunswick shows that igneous activity was a major characteristic of this area, but the specific tectonic setting in which it occurred is uncertain.…”

Section: Implications Of the Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A precise age for the Utopia Granite, southwestern New Brunswick, Canada

Barr

Mortensen²,

Bevier³

2010

atgeol

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The Utopia Granite is part of the Saint George Plutonic Suite, a gabbroic to granitic assemblage of plutons of Late Silurian -Late Devonian age in southwestern New Brunswick. New U-Pb (ID-TIMS) analyses of five fractions of strongly air-abraded zircon grains define a discordant array which suggests that all five fractions have suffered at least some minor degree of post-crystallization Pb-loss and yielded an imprecise upper intercept age of 426.3 ± 5.9 Ma. Fifteen zircon grains analyzed by LA-ICP-MS yielded overlapping concordant analyses, from which a weighted average of the 206 Pb/ 238 U ages, excluding one younger age, is 428.3 ± 1.0 Ma (MSWD = 0.66, probability of fit = 0.81), which we interpret as the best estimate for the crystallization age of the Utopia Granite. This age suggests that the Utopia Granite may be the oldest component of the Saint George batholith, and 5-8 million years older than plutons of the contiguous coastal Maine magmatic province to the southwest. rÉsUMÉLe granite Utopia fait partie de la suite plutonique de Saint-George, un assemblage gabbroïque à granitique de plutons du Silurien tardif et de la fin du Dévonien, dans le sud-ouest du Nouveau-Brunswick. De nouvelles analyses U-Pb (ID-TIMS) de cinq fractions de grains de zircon fortement altérés par l'air indiqueraient un assemblage discordant qui porte à croire que les cinq fractions ont subi au moins en partie une perte de plomb après la cristallisation. Les analyses ont permis d'établir de manière imprécise un âge géologique de 426,3 ± 5.9 Ma. Quinze grains de zircon analysés à l'aide des méthode LA-ICP-MS ont produit des résultats concordants qui se recoupaient, dont on a tiré une moyenne pondérée des âges 206 Pb/ 238 U de 428,3 ± 1,0 Ma, exception faite d'un âge plus jeune (déviation pondérée de la régression par moindres carrés = 0,66, probabilité de congruence = 0,81). Nous croyons qu'il s'agit là de la meilleure estimation qui soit de la période de cristallisation du granite Utopia. Ces analyses de datation suggèrent que le granite Utopia pourrait être la partie la plus ancienne du batholithe Saint-George, et de 5 à 8 millions d'années plus ancienne que les plutons de la province magmatique de la zone côtière contigüe du Maine, au sud-ouest. [Traduit par la redaction]

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“…Pending further study, the opposed structural vergence shown by the Brunswick and Penobscot Bay subduction complexes, and an evolution toward strongly bimodal magmatism along the coastal belt (van Wagoner et al, 1988;Gates and Moench, 1981;Seaman et al, 1995;Ludman and Idleman, 1998) seem closely comparable to the consequences of divergent double subduction in the Lachlan fold belt of southeast Australia (Soesoo et al, 1997).…”

Section: Speculative Accretionary and Interaccretionary Eventsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Although exposures preclude determination of the original terrane association, the Newbury is reasonably inferred to be the volcanic expression of calc-alkalic intermediate to granitic Silurian and Early Devonian plutonism in the Putnam-Nashoba belt (Hepburn et al, 1995, p. 361;references therein). In eastern Maine and southern New Brunswick, volcanics of the belt are a bimodal sequence of basalt, rhyolite-dacite, very sparse andesite, and granite and gabbroic plutons (van Wagoner et al, 1988;Gates and Moench, 1981;Seaman et al, 1995). In New Brunswick, the volcanic belt is represented by the Early Silurian to Early Devonian Mascarene cover sequence, which unconformably overlies rocks of Avalon to the southeast and overlaps the St. Croix terrane to the northwest (Fyffe et al, 1991, pp.…”

Section: Coastal Volcanic Arcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stratigraphy, geochronology, and accretionary terrane settings of two Bronson Hill arc sequences, northern New England

Moench¹,

Aleinikoff²

2003

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C

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The Ammonoosuc sequence is defined by the Middle Ordovician Ammonoosuc Volcanics near Littleton, NH, the type area, northeast to Milan, NH, and Oquossoc, ME; it also includes black slate of the Partridge Formation (C. bicornis--zone graptolites, $457 Ma). Related metamorphosed intrusives are the tonalitic Joslin Turn pluton (469 AE 2 Ma), the Cambridge Black granitic pluton (468 AE 3 Ma), and gabbro, tonalite (467 AE 4 Ma), and sheeted diabase of the Chickwolnepy intrusions. These intrusives cut lowermost Ammonoosuc (therefore >469 Ma). Probable uppermost Ammonoosuc is dated at 465 AE 6 and 461 AE 8 Ma. Successively below the Ammonoosuc are the Dead River and Hurricane Mountain Formations (flysch and melange), and the Jim Pond Formation (484 AE 5 Ma) and Boil Mountain Complex (both ophiolite), which are structurally underlain by the Neoproterozoic(?) Chain Lakes massif.The Quimby sequence is defined by the Lower Silurian(?) to Upper Ordovician Quimby Formation, composed of bimodal volcanics (443 AE 4 Ma) and sulfidic shale and graywacke that lie conformably to unconformably above the Ammmonoosuc Volcanics and Partridge Formation. Also in the Quimby sequence are several granitic to sparsely gabbroic plutons of the Highlandcroft (441-452 Ma) and Oliverian (435-456 Ma) Plutonic Suites, which intrude the Dead River, Ammonoouc and Partridge, but not the Quimby Formation.Based on faunal, paleolatitude, and isotopic data, the Ammonoosuc sequence and its correlatives and underlying sequences formed off the southern Laurentian margin, but northwest of the principal Iapetan suture, or Red Indian line. The Boil MountainJim Pond-Hurricane Mountain sequence was ramped northwestward over the Chain Lakes massif at $475 Ma, on the basal Boil Mountain surface. This obduction probably occurred slightly before obduction on the Baie Vert-Brompton surface (BBL), farther NW, over the Laurentian margin, and was followed by Dead River flysch sedimentation, which ended with the abrupt onset of Ammonoosuc-sequence arc magmatism at $470 Ma. Ammonoosuc eruptions probably ended at $460 Ma, when Iapetus closed along the Red Indian line.During a following magmatic hiatus of $3-5 m.y., now represented by portions of the Partridge Formation that overlie the Ammonoosuc Volcanics, subduction polarity reversed, and subduction resumed below the northwest-dipping Brunswick subduction complex (BSC) of New Brunswick, Canada. Quimby-sequence magmatism ($456-435 Ma) on the newly accreted Laurentian margin occurred above the BSC, whose footwall is now buried to the southeast by mainly Silurian clastic sediments of the MerrimackFredericton trough, deposited in the ''Fredericton Sea''. In Silurian to Early Devonian time, the NW-dipping BSC footwall was paired with a SE-dipping subduction zone that produced arc magmas of the Coastal Volcanic belt, built on the composite Avalon and adjacent peri-Avalonian terranes. Orogen-normal extension produced by rapid rollback of both subduction zones narrowed the Fredericton Sea, produced the Central Maine and Connecti...

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Volcanic Expression of Bimodal Magmatism: The Cranberry Island-Cadillac Mountain Complex, Coastal Maine

Cited by 37 publications

References 13 publications

Silurian tectonic history of Penobscot Bay region, Maine

Silurian tectonic history of Penobscot Bay region, Maine

A precise age for the Utopia Granite, southwestern New Brunswick, Canada

Stratigraphy, geochronology, and accretionary terrane settings of two Bronson Hill arc sequences, northern New England

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