“…Several studies have analyzed US economic and financial linkages with other countries during the GFC period. Some studies analyze the impact of US monetary policy decisions on various financial markets (Chen, Filardo, He & Zhu, 2016;Georgiadis, 2016;Yan, Phylaktis & Fuertes, 2016;Lien, Lee, Yang & Zhang, 2018;Yunus, 2018;Kang, Kim & Suh, 2019); effects of oil prices on the US stock markets (Fang, Chen & Xiong, 2018;Basher, Haug & Sadorsky, 2018) and the relationship among the US stock markets and European stock markets (Panda & Nanda, 2017;Golab, Jie, Powell & Zamojska, 2018).…”