Volatiles from Injured and Uninjured Valencia Oranges at Different Temperatures

Norman, Shirley M.; Craft, C. C.; Davis, Paul L.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1967.tb00857.x

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Increased microbial populations are also apparent in the upper part of the small intestine (Smits et al, 1998) where digestion occurs. The yellow coloured Cytrus sinensis essential oil (CEO) obtained from citrus peel antibacterial activities is well known, and it has been observed that an injured orange releases a much greater amount of terpene peel-oil constituents than healthy fruits (Norman et al, 1967;McCallet and TorresGrifol, 1992). This might be the source of antibacterial activity found in CEO.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of DriedCitrus SinensisPeel on Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Immune System Traits of Broiler Chickens

Ebrahimi‬

Santini

Alise

et al. 2015

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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Two hundred broiler chickens (Ross-308) were used in a completely randomised study to evaluate the effects of supplementing the feed with different levels of dried Citrus sinensis peel (DCSP) on the gasrointestinal microbial population and immune system traits. Feed was supplemented with different DCSP amounts: 0.25% w/w (DCSP-0.25), 0.5% w/w (DCSP-0.50), 0.75% w/w (DCSP-0.75), and 1% w/w (DCSP-1). Control diet (DCSP-0), with no feed additition was used as reference. The study involved five treatments in a time frame of six weeks (four replicates per treatment and each replicate had 10 chickens). Data analysis was performed using SAS software and mean comparison was performed using the Duncan test. The results allowed to observe that the mean of Escherichia coli in caecum on day 42 was significantly different (P<0.05) but did not affect other gastrointestinal microbial population traits (P>0.05). The mean of total sheep red blood cells and immunoglobulin G and M (IgG and IgM) on day 28 (P>0.05) were also determined. Total sheep red blood cells on day 42 were significantly different (P<0.05). The IgG and IgM mean titers on days 28 and 42 was of no significant difference (P>0.05). Supplementing the feed with Citrus sinensis had no significant effect on Newcastle disease on day 42 (P>0.05). The mean value for hemagglutination inhibition on day 42 was significantly different (P<0.05). It can be then concluded that DCSP feed supplemention ameliorated the gastrointestinal microbiota and immune system traits.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of DriedCitrus SinensisPeel on Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Immune System Traits of Broiler Chickens

Ebrahimi‬

Santini

Alise

et al. 2015

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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“…The ovipositing female probably responds visually to fruit shape once within the framework of the tree, and to olfactory stimuli (Prokopy & Owens, 1983). Norman et al (1967) found that the released amounts of volatile constituents increased greatly when the flavedo was injured in a such a way as to rupture oil sacs. Tilles et al (1986) suggest that the pine weevil, Hylobius abietis (L.), aggregates in response to host volatiles and that weevil feeding increases the amount of these volatiles released.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Citrus fruit have distinctive aromas as a result of the volatiles released. Norman et al (1967) found that the released amounts of volatile constituents increased greatly when the flavedo was injured in a such a way as to rupture oil sacs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of citrus fruit condition on egg laying by the false codling moth, Cryptophlebia leucotreta

Newton

1989

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The oviposition response of Cryptophlebia leucotreta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) to healthy navel and Valencia orange, Citrus sinensis (L.), fruit was measured in experimental orchards at Nelspruit, eastern Transvaal, South Africa, and was compared with the response to prematurely ripened fruit and injured fruit. Both premature ripening and injury increased the number of eggs laid on these fruit. Damaged fruit was almost twice as attractive as ripe fruit if the number of eggs laid can be used as a measure of attraction. Large wounds were no more stimulating than small lesions. The quantity of stimulus was not statistically significant, yet five or ten treated fruit in a cluster led to more egg-laying per fruit than a single treated fruit. More eggs were observed on healthy fruit within 50 cm of clusters of treated fruit than on healthy fruit on different trees, but this effect was not statistically significant.

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“…However, work has been conducted on the effect of storage on several fruits and vegetables in both the raw and processed forms. Norman et al (1967) studied the volatiles emanating from injured and uninjured oranges at different holding temperatures and suggested that care must be used in interpreting Department of Botany, North Carolina State University and Market Quality Research Division, ARS, USD A, Raleigh, N.C.27607 the aromagrams as a complete objective measurement of quality. Bengtsson and Bosund (1964) studied the formation of volatiles in stored peas and suggested that enzyme-catalyzed reactions were responsible for major volatile changes and that hexanal could be used as an indicator of off-flavor development in cooked peas.…”

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confidence: 99%