Volatile trace element behaviour in the Sasol® fixed-bed dry-bottom (FBDB)™ gasifier treating coals of different rank

Grading Characteristics of Texaco Gasification Fine Slag: Quality Distinction and Selective Distribution of Trace Elements

“…Element Cd has a greater diversity of forms, which contains elemental oxides and sulfides, chlorides, and hydroxides. 28 According to the thermodynamic simulation of J.Liu, CdO can form binary oxides with SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 in higher temperatures. 31 For molybdenum, Mo 2 O 3 was the main form of element Mo in the gasification reaction.…”

Changes and Distribution of Modes of Occurrence of Seventeen Potentially-Hazardous Trace Elements during Entrained Flow Gasification of Coals from Ningdong, China

“…In the samples investigated, concentrations of most trace elements in the fine residues were higher than that in the coarse residues (Table 4). Previous investigations [4,6,[9][10][11] indicated that some volatile trace elements tended to be enriched in smaller particles because the finer particles have a greater surface area. However, concentrations of Be, V, and Ba in the GSP-CR were higher than that in the GSP-FR (Table 4).…”

“…However, the gasification process does produce a very large amount of solid residues which contain various trace elements that may cause environmental problems [3]. Trace elements migrate into the coarse gasification residue (similar to bottom ash in coal combustion) and fine residue (like fly ash in coal combustion) unevenly in gasifiers due to the properties of the feed coal and the gasification conditions [4][5][6].…”

Membrane reactors for hydrogen production from coal

“…Figure 5.2(c) shows a schematic of fixed (moving) bed gasifier and its corresponding temperature profiles for coal particles and gas in the gasifier. Bunt & Waanders (2011) studied the volatile behavior of trace elements for South Africa bituminous Highveld coal and North Dakota lignite coal in a fixed bed gasifier and found that the volatilization order was Hg > Se > Cd > Pb > As for bituminous coal and Hg > Cd > Pb > Se > As for the lignite coal. Coal particles are heated up by the upward flowing high-temperature gas product when descending down the gasifier.…”