Volatile Profiling of Magnolia champaca Accessions by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry Coupled with Chemometrics

Abstract

Magnolia champaca (L.) Baill. ex Pierre of family Magnoliaceae, is a perennial tree with aromatic, ethnobotanical, and medicinal uses. The M. champaca leaf is reported to have a myriad of therapeutic activities, however, there are limited reports available on the chemical composition of the leaf essential oil of M. champaca. The present study explored the variation in the yield and chemical composition of leaf essential oil isolated from 52 accessions of M. champaca. Through hydrodistillation, essential oil yield was obtained, varied in the range of 0.06 ± 0.003% and 0.31 ± 0.015% (v/w) on a fresh weight basis. GC-MS analysis identified a total of 65 phytoconstituents accounting for 90.23 to 98.90% of the total oil. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (52.83 to 65.63%) constituted the major fraction followed by sesquiterpene alcohols (14.71 to 22.45%). The essential oils were found to be rich in β-elemene (6.64 to 38.80%), γ-muurolene (4.63 to 22.50%), and β-caryophyllene (1.10 to 20.74%). Chemometrics analyses such as PCA, PLS-DA, sPLS-DA, and cluster analyses such as hierarchical clustering, i.e., dendrogram and partitional clustering, i.e., K-means classified the essential oils of M. champaca populations into three different chemotypes: chemotype I (β-elemene), chemotype II (γ-muurolene) and chemotype III (β-caryophyllene). The chemical polymorphism analyzed in the studied populations would facilitate the selection of chemotypes with specific compounds. The chemotypes identified in the M. champaca populations could be developed as promising bio-resources for conservation and pharmaceutical application and further improvement of the taxa.

Microbial communities of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils. and the correlations between microbial community and the active secondary metabolites

“…The contents of γ -muurolene, δ -cadinol, and trans-farnesol were the highest in the essential oil of stem. γ -Muurolene, δ -cadinol, and farnesol were the main components of Magnolia champaca, Syzygium caryophyllatum , and Madhuca Longifolia , respectively, and all of them have anti-microbial activity ( Henriques et al, 2007 ; Raj et al, 2016 ; Sahoo et al, 2022 ; Silva et al, 2009 ; Suryawanshi & Mokat, 2019 ). Moreover, the dominant components in the leaves ( α -cadinol and neoisonolene-8-ol) also had antibacterial activity ( Hassan et al, 2020 ; Hsu, Su & Ho, 2020 ).…”

Phytochemical Analysis and Specific Activities of Bark and Flower Extracts from Four Magnolia Plant Species

“…These compounds are known for adding fresh and woody aromas to the extracts. The varying presence and concentration of these hydrocarbons across different species contribute to the diversity in scent profiles [37][38][39][40][41].…”

Assessment of the Antidiabetic Properties of Essential Oil from Cannabis sativa

“…Identification of the chemical constituents of C.sativa essential oil was achieved by analyzing GC retention time and calculating retention indices based on n-alkanes (C6-C24). Individual compounds were identified by comparing their mass spectra using NIST 2005 v.2.0 andWiley Access Pak v.7 (2003) of GC-MS systems (Sahoo et al, 2022;Yan et al,2023)…”